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This is the encoding that the author meant to save the particular file in. in the file, as a byte order mark. This is the encoding that the author's editor actually saved it in. Unless an accidental encoding conversion has happened (by opening it in one encoding and saving it in another), this will be correct.
Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes are a class of highly efficient linear block codes made from many single parity check (SPC) codes. They can provide performance very close to the channel capacity (the theoretical maximum) using an iterated soft-decision decoding approach, at linear time complexity in terms of their block length.
Given a prime number q and prime power q m with positive integers m and d such that d ≤ q m − 1, a primitive narrow-sense BCH code over the finite field (or Galois field) GF(q) with code length n = q m − 1 and distance at least d is constructed by the following method.
Reed & Solomon (1960) described a theoretical decoder that corrected errors by finding the most popular message polynomial. The decoder only knows the set of values to and which encoding method was used to generate the codeword's sequence of values. The original message, the polynomial, and any errors are unknown.
Error-correcting codes are used in lower-layer communication such as cellular network, high-speed fiber-optic communication and Wi-Fi, [11] [12] as well as for reliable storage in media such as flash memory, hard disk and RAM. [13] Error-correcting codes are usually distinguished between convolutional codes and block codes:
UTF-8 is also the recommendation from the WHATWG for HTML and DOM specifications, and stating "UTF-8 encoding is the most appropriate encoding for interchange of Unicode" [4] and the Internet Mail Consortium recommends that all e‑mail programs be able to display and create mail using UTF-8.
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During the encoding of a frame, the input data bits (D) are repeated and distributed to a set of constituent encoders. The constituent encoders are typically accumulators and each accumulator is used to generate a parity symbol. A single copy of the original data (S 0,K-1) is transmitted with the parity bits (P) to make up the code symbols. The ...