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KBUG – kelly bushing underground (drilling up in coal mines, West Virginia, Baker & Taylor drilling) KCI – potassium chloride; KD – kelly down; KMW – kill mud weight; KOEBD – gas converted to oil-equivalent at 6 million cubic feet = 1 thousand barrels; KOH – potassium hydroxide; KOP – kick-off point (directional drilling) KOP ...
A mud motor (or drilling motor) is a progressive cavity positive displacement pump (PCPD) placed in the drill string to provide additional power to the bit while drilling. The PCPD pump uses drilling fluid (commonly referred to as drilling mud, or just mud) to create eccentric motion in the power section of the motor which is transferred as ...
As technology has advanced, more modern drillers have better control of the overall well. Oil well control is the management of the dangerous effects caused by the unexpected release of formation fluid, such as natural gas and/or crude oil, upon surface equipment of oil or gas drilling rigs and escaping into the atmosphere.
Mud is a vital part of drilling operations. It provides hydrostatic pressure on the borehole wall to prevent uncontrolled production of reservoir fluids, lubricates and cools the drill bit, carries the drill cuttings up to the surface, forms a "filter-cake" on the borehole wall to prevent drilling fluid invasion, provides an information medium for well logging, and helps the drilling by ...
A wellhead is the component at the surface of an oil or gas well that provides the structural and pressure-containing interface for the drilling and production equipment. Wellhead gas storage, Etzel Germany Oil well Christmas tree
high drilling rates; lowered drill pipe torque and drag, less bit balling and; reduction in differential sticking. Oil-based muds are expensive, but are worth the cost when drilling through: troublesome shales that would otherwise swell and disperse in water based mud e.g. smectite, to drill deep, high-temperature holes that dehydrate water ...
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Drill cuttings can be separated from liquid drilling fluid by shale shakers, by centrifuges, or by cyclone separators, the latter also being effective for air drilling. In cable-tool drilling, the drill cuttings are periodically bailed out of the bottom of the hole. In auger drilling, cuttings are carried to the surface on the auger flights.