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Many of the Cree who participated in the treaty were unable to understand legal English. While there was a Cree verbal translation, the Treaty was made in English. The next biggest problem comes from a lack of follow through on verbal agreements. To the Canadian delegation, the only legally binding contracts were what was written into the treaty.
Although there were three interpreters presents at the negotiations for Treaty 6, two from the Crown and one from the Indigenous peoples, direct translation of words between English and Cree was not possible. Certain words in either language did not have a corresponding word in the opposite language.
Cree chiefs and an interpreter in 1886, with Mistawasis seated at the bottom right. His ally, Ahtahkakoop, is seated at the bottom left. Mistawasis (Cree: ᒥᐢᑕᐘᓯᐢ, meaning "Big Child"; born Pierre Belanger) was a Chief of the Sak-kaw-wen-o-wak Plains Cree, [1] notable for his role as the leader of his people during the signing of Treaty 6 in 1876, to which he was the first signatory.
[38]: 5 Throughout the signing of the treaties, First Nations believed that their agreement was everlasting, and had many reasons for believing so. For example, during the signing of Treaty 6, a pipe ceremony was conducted before the signing stipulating that nothing but the truth was to be spoken during negotiations. [39]
Mistawasis Nêhiyawak (Cree: ᒥᐢᑕᐚᓯᐢ ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐘᐠ mistawâsis nêhiyawak) is a Cree First Nation band government in Leask, Saskatchewan, Canada. Their settlement is roughly sixty-eight kilometres west of Prince Albert. The Nation has one reserve with an area of approximately 125.44 square kilometres.
A Cree decided to go to a piece of land at Willow Point, a territory reaching about 20 miles (32 km) south and westwards. It included the Cold Lake, which the Denesuline called Luwe Chok Tuwe or Łue Chok Tué and where they spent the summers, while the winters were spent on Primrose Lake (called in the Chipewyan language Xah Tué ).
Chief Peeaysees (also known as Francois Desjarlais) was born in 1824 at Beaver River. his father was the son of Okimaskwew and his mother was the daughter of Lizette Muskegon, a swampy Cree Indian. He also had 10 children in his lifetime, one which died as an infant. Peeaysees was the Chief of his band for 9 years following its signing of treaty 6.
The Papaschase (/ p ɑː ˈ p ɑː s ˌ tʃ eɪ s / from Cree ᐹᐦᐹᐢᒉᐢ (Woodpecker)) are a group of Cree people descended from Chief Papaschase's Band of the 19th century, who were a party to Treaty 6 with Canada. A modern-day group of Papaschase descendants are working to advance their treaty rights and reclaim their reserve's land ...