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WB Hardy linked formation of biological colloids with phase separation in his study of globulins, stating that: "The globulin is dispersed in the solvent as particles which are the colloid particles and which are so large as to form an internal phase", [6] and further contributed to the basic physical description of oil-water phase separation. [7]
Polymerization-induced phase separation (PIPS) is the occurrence of phase separation in a multicomponent mixture induced by the polymerization of one or more components. [1] [2] The increase in molecular weight of the reactive component renders one or more components to be mutually immiscible in one another, resulting in spontaneous phase segregation.
The most common type of phase separation is between two immiscible liquids, such as oil and water. This type of phase separation is known as liquid-liquid equilibrium. Colloids are formed by phase separation, though not all phase separations forms colloids - for example oil and water can form separated layers under gravity rather than remaining ...
The Cahn–Hilliard equation (after John W. Cahn and John E. Hilliard) [1] is an equation of mathematical physics which describes the process of phase separation, spinodal decomposition, by which the two components of a binary fluid spontaneously separate and form domains pure in each component.
The solid phase is commonly referred to as a “gel” phase. All lipids have a characteristic temperature at which they undergo a transition from the gel to liquid phase. In both phases the lipid molecules are constrained to the two dimensional plane of the membrane, but in liquid phase bilayers the molecules diffuse freely within this plane.
Coacervate droplets dispersed in a dilute phase. Coacervate (/ k oʊ ə ˈ s ɜːr v ə t / or / k oʊ ˈ æ s ər v eɪ t /) is an aqueous phase rich in macromolecules such as synthetic polymers, proteins or nucleic acids. It forms through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), leading to a dense phase in thermodynamic equilibrium with a ...
Phase inversion is a common method to form filtration membranes, which are typically formed using artificial polymers. The method of phase inversion is highly dependent on the type of polymer used and the solvent used to dissolve the polymer. Phase inversion can be carried out through one of four typical methods: [1]
It compares pi-pi interactions predicted in the target proteins with all proteins found in the PDB to assign a score of phase-separation propensity. [3] catGRANULE [4] 2016 catGRANULE is a method that was originally trained against yeast protein but it has been shown to be useful to predict human phase-separating proteins. [5]