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A reduction in chronaxie occurs during reinnervation. The published values for chronaxie have a wide range. If chronaxie is the best descriptor of tissue excitability in a homogeneous tissue specimen, at a known temperature, it should be determined with a constant-current stimulator providing a rectangular cathodal stimulus waveform.
It has been shown that a reduction in stroke volume due to dehydration is almost always due to the increase in internal temperature. [4] It is influenced by many factors, most notably the ambient temperature, internal temperature, hydration and the amount of muscle tissue activated during exercise. [2]
Cardiac muscle tissue has autorhythmicity, the unique ability to initiate a cardiac action potential at a fixed rate – spreading the impulse rapidly from cell to cell to trigger the contraction of the entire heart. This autorhythmicity is still modulated by the endocrine and nervous systems. [1]
Thermoregulation is the ability of an organism to keep its body temperature within certain boundaries, even when the surrounding temperature is very different. A thermoconforming organism, by contrast, simply adopts the surrounding temperature as its own body temperature, thus avoiding the need for internal thermoregulation.
“Zone 2 cardio is the most effective way to burn fat while sparing muscle. This is exercising at a level where you can hold a ‘breathy’ conversation comfortably for 45-60 minutes,” Dr ...
Increase the amount of calcium in the sarcoplasm. More calcium available for Troponin to use will increase the force developed. Decreasing contractility is done primarily by decreasing the influx of calcium or maintaining lower calcium levels in the cytosol of cardiac myocytes during an action potential.
Initial lengths larger or smaller than this optimal value will decrease the force the muscle can achieve. For longer sarcomere lengths, this is the result of there being less overlap of the thin and thick filaments; [ 8 ] [ 9 ] [ 10 ] for shorter sarcomere lengths, the cause is the decreased sensitivity for calcium by the myofilaments .
The minimum amount of cardio exercise you can get away with each week depends on your resting heart rate and your specific fitness goals, according to trainers.