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The city had no mayor or single city government; its police chief reported to the king, the prévôt des marchands de Paris represented the merchants, and the Parlement de Paris, made up of nobles, was largely ceremonial and had little real authority: they struggled to provide the basic necessities to a growing population. For the first time ...
Paris (French pronunciation: ⓘ) is the capital and largest city of France.With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 [3] in an area of more than 105 km 2 (41 sq mi), [4] Paris is the fourth-most populous city in the European Union, the ninth-most populous city in Europe and the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2022. [5]
The end of the Roman Empire in the west, and the creation of the Merovingian dynasty in the 5th century, with its capital placed in Paris by Clovis I, confirmed the new role and name for the city. The adjective Parisiacus had already been used for centuries. Lutetia had gradually become Paris, the city of the Parisii. [22]
The Sûreté, the investigative bureau of the Paris police, founded by Eugène François Vidocq. 1 March – Water from Paris fountains is made free of charge. 1814 30 March – The Battle of Paris. The city is defended by Marmont and Mortier, and is surrendered at 2 a.m. on 31 March.
Paris in the 18th century was the second-largest city in Europe, after London, with a population of about 600,000 people. The century saw the construction of Place Vendôme , the Place de la Concorde , the Champs-Élysées , the church of Les Invalides , and the Panthéon , and the founding of the Louvre Museum .
The American inventor, Robert Fulton, who was in Paris to try to sell his inventions, the steamboat, a submarine and a torpedo, to Napoleon, bought the patent in 1799 from the inventor of the panorama, the English artist Robert Barker, and opened the first panorama in Paris in July 1799; it was a Vue de Paris by the painters Constant Bourgeois ...
Paris in the 17th century was the largest city in Europe, with a population of half a million, matched in size only by London. It was ruled in turn by three monarchs; Henry IV, Louis XIII, and Louis XIV, and saw the building of some of the city's most famous parks and monuments, including the Pont Neuf, the Palais Royal, the newly joined Louvre and Tuileries Palace, the Place des Vosges, and ...
Tours (10–13 June 1940), the city served as the temporary capital of France during World War II after the government fled Paris due to the German advance. Bordeaux (June 1940), the government was relocated from Paris to Tours then Bordeaux very briefly during World War II, when it became apparent that Paris would soon fall into German hands.