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Note 1] Among scholars of Sunni Islam the term hadith may include not only the words, advice, practices, etc. of Muhammad, but also those of his companions. [13] [14] In Shia Islam, hadith are the embodiment of the sunnah, the words and actions of Muhammad and his family, the Ahl al-Bayt (The Twelve Imams and Muhammad's daughter, Fatimah). [15]
The Nine Hadith books that are indexed in the world renowned Hadith concordance (Al-Mu’jamul Mufahras li Alfadhil Hadithin Nabawi) [1] that includes al-Sihah al-Sittah (The Authentic Six), Muwatta Imam Malik, Sunan al-Darimi, and Musnad Ahmad. Sahih al-Bukhari (9th century) Sahih Muslim (9th century) Sunan Abu Dawood (9th century)
The hadith, including its isnād, is free of ʻillah (hidden detrimental flaw or flaws, e.g. the establishment that two narrators, although contemporaries, could not have shared the hadith, thereby breaking the isnād.) The hadith is free of irregularity, meaning that it does not contradict another hadith already established (accepted).
Sahih al-Bukhari (Arabic: صحيح البخاري, romanized: Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī) is the first hadith collection of the Six Books of Sunni Islam. Compiled by Islamic scholar al-Bukhari ( d. 870 ) in the musannaf format, the work is valued by Muslims, alongside Sahih Muslim , as the most authentic after the Qur'an .
A muhaddith is a narrator of hadith, expert in the chains of narration and the content of hadith ().They are responsible for verifying the authenticity of these narrations through rigorous methods, including the evaluation of the reliability of transmitters and the continuity of the chains of transmission.
In the pre-Islamic period, sunnah was used to mean "manner of acting", whether good or bad. [11] During the early Islamic period, the term referred to any good precedent set by people of the past, including both Muhammad, [11] and his companions. [3] [12] In addition, the sunnah of Muhammad was not necessarily associated with hadith. [13]
' The Book of Hammam ibn Munabbih ', is a hadith collection compiled by the Yemeni Islamic scholar Hammam ibn Munabbih (d. 101 AH / 719 CE or 130 AH / 748 CE). It is sometimes quoted as one of the earliest surviving works of its kind. [1] [2] The Sahifat exists in three somewhat variant recensions, one of which is in Ahmad ibn Hanbal's Musnad. [3]
Sahih Muslim (Arabic: صحيح مسلم, romanized: Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim) is the second hadith collection of the Six Books of Sunni Islam. Compiled by Islamic scholar Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj (d. 875) in the musannaf format, the work is valued by Sunnis, alongside Sahih al-Bukhari, as the most important source for Islamic religion after the Qur'an.