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National healthcare insurance programs differ both in how the contributions are collected, and in how the services are provided. In countries such as Canada, payment is made by the government directly from tax revenue and this is known as single-payer health care. [5]
Many managed care programs are based on a panel or network of contracted health care providers. Such programs typically include: A set of selected providers that furnish a comprehensive array of health care services to enrollees; Explicit standards for selecting providers; Formal utilization review and quality improvement programs;
In 2010 about 250 plans participate in the program. [3] About 20 plans are nationwide or almost nationwide, such as the ones offered by some employee unions such as the National Association of Letter Carriers, by some employee associations such as GEHA, and by national insurance companies such as Aetna and the Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association on behalf of its member companies.
Lyndon B. Johnson signing the Medicare amendment (July 30, 1965). Former president Harry S. Truman (seated) and his wife, Bess, are on the far right.. Originally, the name "Medicare" in the United States referred to a program providing medical care for families of people serving in the military as part of the Dependents' Medical Care Act, which was passed in 1956. [6]
In 1970, three proposals for single-payer universal national health insurance financed by payroll taxes and general federal revenues were introduced in the U.S. Congress. [23] In February 1970, Representative Martha Griffiths (D-MI) introduced a national health insurance bill—without any cost sharing—developed with the AFL–CIO. [24]
The summary of the National Health Care Act as proposed in the 111th Congress (2009–2010) includes the following elements, among others: [10] Expands the Medicare program to provide all individuals residing in the 50 states, Washington, D.C., and territories of the United States with tax-funded health care that includes all medically necessary care.
A study published in August 2008 in Health Affairs found that covering all of the uninsured in the US would increase national spending on health care by $122.6 billion, which would represent a 5% increase in health care spending and 0.8% of GDP. "From society's perspective, covering the uninsured is still a good investment.
The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) is a federal agency within the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) that administers the Medicare program and works in partnership with state governments to administer Medicaid, the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP), and health insurance portability standards.
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