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  2. History of water supply and sanitation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_water_supply...

    Throughout history, people have devised systems to make getting water into their communities and households and disposing of (and later also treating) wastewater more convenient. [1] The historical focus of sewage treatment was on the conveyance of raw sewage to a natural body of water, e.g. a river or ocean, where it would be diluted and ...

  3. Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_Water...

    The MWRD's main purposes are the reclamation and treatment of wastewater and flood water abatement in Cook County to protect the health and safety of citizens and of area waterways. In 1900, the District notably reversed the flow of the Chicago River , and it is currently involved in the large multi-decade construction of the "Deep Tunnel ...

  4. Sewage treatment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewage_treatment

    The term sewage treatment plant (STP) (or sewage treatment works) is nowadays often replaced with the term wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). [7] [8] Strictly speaking, the latter is a broader term that can also refer to industrial wastewater treatment. The terms water recycling center or water reclamation plants are also in use as synonyms.

  5. Chicago area water quality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Area_Water_Quality

    Combined Sewer System. The change in the river's water flow was estimated to provide enough treatment-by-dilution for up to a population of three million. [1] However, in 1908, it became clear to the Chicago Sanitary District that the city’s population was continuing to grow and that the population would soon exceed the treatment capacity that the canal offered.

  6. Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Sanitary_and_Ship...

    The canal was in part built as a sewage treatment scheme. Prior to its opening in 1900, sewage from the city of Chicago was dumped into the Chicago River and flowed into Lake Michigan. The city's drinking water supply was (and remains) located offshore, and there were fears that the sewage could reach the intake and cause serious disease ...

  7. Sanitary engineering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanitary_engineering

    An example of a wastewater treatment system. Sanitary engineering, also known as public health engineering or wastewater engineering, is the application of engineering methods to improve sanitation of human communities, primarily by providing the removal and disposal of human waste, and in addition to the supply of safe potable water.

  8. History of waste management - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_waste_management

    A Roman sewer tunnel in Cologne. Waste management has been a concern for human civilizations throughout history. The earliest known wastewater management system dates back to around 6500 BCE in present-day Syria, featuring sophisticated gutter systems and settling chambers.

  9. Milorganite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milorganite

    Its history began with Milwaukee's goal to clean up its rivers and Lake Michigan. [3] [4] Rather than land filling solids left over from wastewater treatment, the sludge was used in a pioneering effort to make, distribute and sell fertilizer. [5] As of May 2019, 9.9 billion pounds (4.5 megatonnes) of waste have been diverted away from landfills ...