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The Batrachia / b ə ˈ t r eɪ k i ə / are a clade of amphibians that includes frogs and salamanders, but not caecilians nor the extinct allocaudates. [1] The name Batrachia was first used by French zoologist Pierre André Latreille in 1800 to refer to frogs, but has more recently been defined in a phylogenetic sense as a node-based taxon that includes the last common ancestor of frogs and ...
Archaeobatrachia (Neo-Latin archaeo-("old") + batrachia ("frog")) is a suborder of the order Anura containing various primitive frogs and toads.As the name suggests, these are the most primitive frogs.
The Mesobatrachia (Ancient Greek μέσος (mésos, "middle") + batrachia ("frogs")) is a paraphyletic group of relatively primitive frogs. At the end of 2016, it contained 3 superfamilies (Pelobatoidea, Pelodytoidea and Pipoidea), 6 families, 16 genera, and 244 species.
Family Megophryidae. Genus Borneophrys; Genus Brachytarsophrys - Karin Hills frog; Genus Leptobrachella; Genus Leptobrachium - Eastern spadefoot toad; Genus Leptolalax; Genus Megophrys
The name Batrachia is commonly used for the clade combining salientians and caudatans. A fourth group, the Allocaudata (also known as Albanerpetontidae ) is also known, spanning 160 million years from the Middle Jurassic to the Early Pleistocene , but became extinct two million years ago.
The Neobatrachia (Neo-Latin neo-("new") + batrachia ("frogs")) are a suborder of the Anura, the order of frogs and toads.. This suborder is the most advanced and apomorphic of the three anuran suborders alive today, hence its name, which literally means "new frogs" (from the hellenic words neo, meaning "new" and batrachia, meaning "frogs").
Below is a modified cladogram from Anderson et al. (2008) showing Batrachia nested in the Amphibamidae, with Gerobatrachus as the sister taxon of Batrachia (anurans and caudates) and Doleserpeton and Amphibamus as successive outgroups: [7]
When Gerobatrachus was first described in 2008, it was incorporated into a phylogenetic analysis that found it to be the sister taxon or closest relative of Batrachia, an evolutionary group that includes living frogs and salamanders but not caecilians, which are the third major lineage of modern amphibians (the three main groups of modern ...