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Because of the proximity of the Mars moons to Mars, any mission to them may also be considered a mission to Mars from some perspectives. Past missions Three missions to land on Phobos have been launched; the Soviet Phobos program in the late 1980s saw the launch of Phobos 1 and Phobos 2 , while the Russian Fobos-Grunt sample return mission was ...
List of Mars landers. The following table is a list of successful and unsuccessful Mars landers. As of 2022, 21 lander missions and 8 sub-landers (Rovers and Penetrators) attempted to land on Mars. Of 21 landers, the Curiosity rover and Perseverance rover are currently in operation on Mars.
Mars has a reputation as a difficult space exploration target; just 25 of 55 missions through 2019, or 45.5%, have been fully successful, with a further three partially successful and partially failures. [citation needed] However, of the sixteen missions since 2001, twelve have been successful and eight of these remain operational.
Human missions to Mars have been part of science fiction since the 1880s, and more broadly, in fiction, Mars is a frequent target of exploration and settlement in books, graphic novels, and films. The concept of a Martian as something living on Mars is part of the fiction.
This list of crewed Mars mission plans is a listing of concept studies for a crewed mission to Mars during the 20th and 21st centuries. It is limited to studies done with engineering and scientific knowledge about the capabilities of then current technology, typically for high-budget space agencies like NASA.
Mars Exploration Rover mission (38 P) Mars Express (6 P) Mars Global Surveyor (4 P) Mars Pathfinder (10 P) Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (10 P) Mars Science Laboratory (1 C, 30 P, 1 F)
The Mars 6 bus flew by Mars at a minimum distance of 1600 km. Also carried a lander. Mars 7's lander was released prematurely and missed Mars. Mariner 10 flew by Venus at a minimum distance of 5768 km. It was the first use of a gravity assist by an interplanetary spacecraft. Voyager 2 flew by Jupiter.
A Mars landing is a landing of a spacecraft on the surface of Mars. Of multiple attempted Mars landings by robotic, uncrewed spacecraft, ten have had successful soft landings. There have also been studies for a possible human mission to Mars including a landing, but none have been attempted. As of 2023, the Soviet Union, United States and China ...