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In biochemistry, a ligase is an enzyme that can catalyze the joining of two molecules by forming a new chemical bond.This is typically via hydrolysis of a small pendant chemical group on one of the molecules, typically resulting in the formation of new C-O, C-S, or C-N bonds.
DNA ligase is a type of enzyme that facilitates the joining of DNA strands together by catalyzing the formation of a phosphodiester bond.It plays a role in repairing single-strand breaks in duplex DNA in living organisms, but some forms (such as DNA ligase IV) may specifically repair double-strand breaks (i.e. a break in both complementary strands of DNA).
DNA ligase 1 also DNA ligase I, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the LIG1 gene. DNA ligase 1 is the only known eukaryotic DNA ligase involved in both DNA replication and repair , making it the most studied of the ligases .
A ubiquitin ligase (also called an E3 ubiquitin ligase) is a protein that recruits an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme that has been loaded with ubiquitin, recognizes a protein substrate, and assists or directly catalyzes the transfer of ubiquitin from the E2 to the protein substrate. In simple and more general terms, the ligase enables movement ...
The plant glutamate cysteine ligase is a redox-sensitive homodimeric enzyme, conserved in the plant kingdom. [26] In an oxidizing environment, intermolecular disulfide bridges are formed and the enzyme switches to the dimeric active state. The midpoint potential of the critical cysteine pair is -318 mV.
Acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACS) or Acetate—CoA ligase is an enzyme (EC 6.2.1.1) involved in metabolism of acetate. It is in the ligase class of enzymes, meaning that it catalyzes the formation of a new chemical bond between two large molecules.
The long chain fatty acyl-CoA ligase (or synthetase) is an enzyme (EC 6.2.1.3) of the ligase family that activates the oxidation of complex fatty acids. [2] Long chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase catalyzes the formation of fatty acyl-CoA by a two-step process proceeding through an adenylated intermediate. [3]
DNA ligase 3 also DNA ligase III, is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the LIG3 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] LIG3 encodes ATP -dependent DNA ligases that seal interruptions in the phosphodiester backbone of duplex DNA .