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Dengue virus (DENV) is the cause of dengue fever.It is a mosquito-borne, single positive-stranded RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae; genus Flavivirus. [1] [2] Four serotypes of the virus have been found, and a reported fifth has yet to be confirmed, [3] [4] [5] all of which can cause the full spectrum of disease. [1]
Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne disease caused by dengue virus, prevalent in tropical and subtropical areas. It is frequently asymptomatic; if symptoms appear, they typically begin 3 to 14 days after infection.
Epidemic dengue has become more common since the 1980s. By the late 1990s, dengue was the most important mosquito-borne disease affecting humans after malaria, with around 40 million cases of dengue fever and several hundred thousand cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever each year. Significant outbreaks of dengue fever tend to occur every five or ...
Most are transmitted by arthropods (mosquitoes or ticks), and are therefore also referred to as arboviruses (arthropod-borne viruses). [13] The dengue virus genome (genetic material) contains about 11,000 nucleotide bases, which code for the three different types of protein molecules (C, prM and E) that form the virus particle and seven other ...
Dengue is a Flaviviridae virus, with five genetic types. [8] [9] Here is the virus drawn as a 3-dimensional model of the envelope protein. [10]Dengue is in the same family as other well known viruses carried by mosquitoes that cause tropical diseases, such as yellow fever, West Nile, and Zika virus.
Dengue vaccine is a vaccine used to prevent dengue fever in humans. [9] Development of dengue vaccines began in the 1920s but was hindered by the need to create immunity against all four dengue serotypes. [10] As of 2023, there are two commercially available vaccines, sold under the brand names Dengvaxia and Qdenga. [11] [12]
Members of the family Flaviviridae have monopartite, linear, single-stranded RNA genomes of positive polarity, and 9.6 to 12.3 kilobase in total length. The 5'-termini of flaviviruses carry a methylated nucleotide cap, while other members of this family are uncapped and encode an internal ribosome entry site.
Aedes aegypti (UK: / ˈ iː d iː z /; US: / eɪ d z / or / ˈ eɪ d iː z / from Greek αηδής 'hateful' and / eɪ ˈ dʒ ɪ p t i / from Latin, meaning 'of Egypt'), the yellow fever mosquito, is a mosquito that can spread dengue fever, chikungunya, Zika fever, Mayaro and yellow fever viruses, and other disease agents.