Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
In such a case A is the kinetic product and is favoured under kinetic control and B is the thermodynamic product and is favoured under thermodynamic control. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The conditions of the reaction, such as temperature, pressure, or solvent, affect which reaction pathway may be favored: either the kinetically controlled or the ...
A reaction coordinate diagram can also be used to qualitatively illustrate kinetic and thermodynamic control in a reaction. Figure 9:Kinetic and Thermodynamic Control: A. Product B is both the kinetic and thermodynamic product and B. Product A is the kinetic product while B is the thermodynamic product. [4]
Thermal physics, generally speaking, is the study of the statistical nature of physical systems from an energetic perspective. Starting with the basics of heat and temperature, thermal physics analyzes the first law of thermodynamics and second law of thermodynamics from the statistical perspective, in terms of the number of microstates corresponding to a given macrostate.
Pages for logged out editors learn more. Contributions; Talk; Kinetic versus thermodynamic reaction control
Evidence suggests that the Wittig reaction of unbranched aldehydes under lithium-salt-free conditions do not equilibrate and are therefore under kinetic reaction control. [9] [10] E. Vedejs has put forth a theory to explain the stereoselectivity of stabilized and unstabilized Wittig reactions. [11]
Thermodynamic temperature is a quantity defined in thermodynamics as distinct from kinetic theory or statistical mechanics.. Historically, thermodynamic temperature was defined by Lord Kelvin in terms of a macroscopic relation between thermodynamic work and heat transfer as defined in thermodynamics, but the kelvin was redefined by international agreement in 2019 in terms of phenomena that are ...
The deprotonation of carbon acids can proceed with either kinetic or thermodynamic reaction control. Kinetic controlled deprotonation requires a base that is sterically hindered and strong enough to remove the proton irreversibly. For example, in the case of phenylacetone, deprotonation can produce two different enolates. LDA has been shown to ...
Electrons are affected by two thermodynamic forces [from the charge, ∇(E F /e c) where E F is the Fermi level and e c is the electron charge and temperature gradient, ∇(1/T)] because they carry both charge and thermal energy, and thus electric current j e and heat flow q are described with the thermoelectric tensors (A ee, A et, A te, and A ...