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European discovery and colonization of the Americas. Between 1492 and 1504, the Italian navigator and explorer Christopher Columbus [a] led four transatlantic maritime expeditions in the name of the Catholic Monarchs of Spain to the Caribbean and to Central and South America. These voyages led to the widespread knowledge of the New World.
Christopher Columbus [b] (/ k ə ˈ l ʌ m b ə s /; [2] between 25 August and 31 October 1451 – 20 May 1506) was an Italian [3] [c] explorer and navigator from the Republic of Genoa [3] [4] who completed four Spanish-based voyages across the Atlantic Ocean sponsored by the Catholic Monarchs, opening the way for the widespread European exploration and colonization of the Americas.
A letter written by Christopher Columbus on February 15, 1493, is the first known document announcing the results of his first voyage that set out in 1492 and reached the Americas. The letter was ostensibly written by Columbus himself, aboard the caravel Niña, on the return leg of his voyage. [2] A postscript was added upon his arrival in ...
The fourth voyage of Columbus was a Spanish maritime expedition in 1502–1504 to the western Caribbean Sea led by Christopher Columbus.The voyage, Columbus's last, failed to find a western maritime route to the Far East, returned relatively little profit, and resulted in the loss of many crew men, all the fleet's ships, and a year-long marooning in Jamaica.
Luis de Torres (died 1493) was Christopher Columbus 's interpreter on his first voyage to America. De Torres was a converso, a Jewish person who was forced to convert to Christianity or be put to death according to the Spanish Inquisition, apparently born Yosef ben HaLevi HaIvri in Huelva, Spain. [1][2][3] De Torres was chosen by Columbus for ...
The Niño Brothers were a family of sailors and conquistadors from the town of Moguer at the end of the 15th century (in Huelva, Andalusia, Spain), who participated actively in Christopher Columbus 's first voyage —generally considered to constitute the discovery of the Americas by Europeans —and other subsequent voyages to the New World.
Paul Chapman argues that Christopher Columbus learned from the Navigatio that the currents and winds would favour westbound travel by a southerly route from the Canary Islands, and eastbound travel by a more northerly route on the return, and hence followed this itinerary on all of his voyages.
Map of the Caribbean Sea with possible itineraries of Columbus' voyages.. The Columbus Copy Book consists of 38 folios, measuring 230 x 330 mm and written on both sides. [8] It contains the transcriptions of nine documents apparently written by Christopher Columbus between 1493 and 1503 and all addressed to the King and Queen of Spain: one 'letter-relation' about Columbus' First Voyage to the ...