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Lolium perenne, common name perennial ryegrass, [1] English ryegrass, winter ryegrass, or ray grass, is a grass from the family Poaceae. It is native to Europe, Asia and northern Africa, but is widely cultivated and naturalised around the world.
Perennial ryegrass staggers is poisoning by peramine, lolitrem B, and other toxins that are contained in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), and produced by the endophyte fungus Epichloë festucae which can be present in all parts of the grass plant, but tends to be concentrated in the lower part of the leaf sheaths, the flower stalks and seeds.
Most golf course soils contain high amounts of sand which are low in silicon promoting the development of fungal diseases such as gray leaf spot. [6] This disease is found on perennial ryegrass, St. Augustine grass and tall and fine fescues making golf courses a primary target.
Typhula blight is a major problem with cool season turfgrasses during winter months. These grasses include bentgrass, annual bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, and kentucky bluegrass. [1] Typhula blight is also commonly referred to as gray snow mold due to the gray colored patches found after snow has melted.
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The primary species found worldwide and used both for lawns and as a forage crop is perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). Like many cool-season grasses of the Poaceae, it harbors a symbiotic fungal endophyte, either Epichloë or its close relative Neotyphodium, both of which are members of the fungal family Clavicipitaceae. [10] [11]
Some of these turf grass species include annual bluegrass, creeping bentgrass, Kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, and bermudagrass. 5 These species of grass are not the only types of turf that can be diagnosed with red thread disease but are the most common hosts. 5 Noticeable symptoms of red thread disease are irregular ...
Rosacea. What it looks like: Rosacea causes redness and thick skin on the face, usually clustered in the center.Easy flushing, a stinging sensation, and small, pus-filled pimples are other common ...