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Smog, or smoke fog, is a type of intense air pollution. The word "smog" was coined in the early 20th century, and is a portmanteau of the words smoke and fog [ 1 ] to refer to smoky fog due to its opacity, and odor. [ 2 ] The word was then intended to refer to what was sometimes known as pea soup fog, a familiar and serious problem in London ...
e. Air pollution is the contamination of air due to the presence of substances called pollutants in the atmosphere that are harmful to the health of humans and other living beings, or cause damage to the climate or to materials. [ 1 ] It is also the contamination of the indoor or outdoor environment either by chemical, physical, or biological ...
Ground-level ozone is both naturally occurring and anthropogenically formed. It is the primary constituent of urban smog, forming naturally as a secondary pollutant through photochemical reactions involving nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds in the presence of bright sunshine with high temperatures. [33]
Exhaust gas or flue gas is emitted as a result of the combustion of fuels such as natural gas, gasoline (petrol), diesel fuel, fuel oil, biodiesel blends, [1] or coal. According to the type of engine, it is discharged into the atmosphere through an exhaust pipe, flue gas stack, or propelling nozzle. It often disperses downwind in a pattern ...
Website. naturemade.com. Nature Made is an American vitamin brand, founded in 1971 by Barry Pressman and Henry Burdick. [1][2] Operating as a brand of Pharmavite, [3] Nature Made manufactures over 150 different types of supplements. [2] Its parent company, Pharmavite, was acquired by Otsuka Pharmaceutical in 1989. [4][5][6]
Eco-costs value ratio. The EVR model is a life cycle assessment based method to analyse consumption patterns, business strategies and design options in terms of eco-efficient value creation. Next to this it is used to compare products and service systems (e.g. benchmarking). The eco-costs/value ratio (EVR) is an indicator to reveal sustainable ...
Industry. Deodorize air and objects, such as after a fire. This process is extensively used in fabric restoration. Water intense industries such as breweries and dairy plants can make effective use of dissolved ozone as a replacement to chemical sanitizers such as peracetic acid, hypochlorite or heat.
Four years after the Great London Smog, parliament passed the Clean Air Act, which made a substantial difference to urban air quality. [34] Even so, air pollution remains a serious environmental issue in the UK over half a century later. [35] In April 2014, for example, there were warnings of 'very high' air pollution for many areas of England.