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  2. Disc protrusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disc_protrusion

    Spinal disc protrusion visible in MRI [1] A disc protrusion is a medical condition that can occur in some vertebrates, including humans, in which the outermost layers of the anulus fibrosus of the intervertebral discs of the spine are intact but bulge when one or more of the discs are under pressure.

  3. Disc herniation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disc_herniation

    Disc herniation can occur in any disc in the spine, but the two most common forms are lumbar disc herniation and cervical disc herniation. The former is the most common, causing low back pain (lumbago) and often leg pain as well, in which case it is commonly referred to as sciatica .

  4. Femoral nerve stretch test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femoral_nerve_stretch_test

    The femoral nerve stretch test can identify spinal nerve root compression, which is associated with disc protrusion and femoral nerve injury.It can reliably identify spinal nerve root compression for L2, L3, and L4. [2]

  5. Tribometer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribometer

    A tribotester is the general name given to a machine or device used to perform tests and simulations of wear, friction and lubrication which are the subject of the study of tribology. [ citation needed ] Often tribotesters are extremely specific in their function and are fabricated by manufacturers who desire to test and analyze the long-term ...

  6. Papilledema - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papilledema

    Papilledema or papilloedema is optic disc swelling that is caused by increased intracranial pressure due to any cause. [1] The swelling is usually bilateral and can occur over a period of hours to weeks. [2] Unilateral presentation is extremely rare. In intracranial hypertension, the optic disc swelling most commonly occurs bilaterally.

  7. X-Machine Testing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-Machine_Testing

    This ensures that the state machine can be decoupled from the processing functions. To ensure output distinguishability, the codomain of a function φ may be extended with special test outputs that are only relevant during testing. A minimal machine is the machine with the fewest states and transitions for some given behaviour.

  8. Secchi disk - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secchi_disk

    Different kinds of Secchi disks. A marine style on the left and the freshwater version on the right. The Secchi depth is reached when the reflectance equals the intensity of light backscattered from the water. 1.7 divided into this depth in metres yields an attenuation coefficient (also called an extinction coefficient), for the available light averaged over the Secchi disk depth.

  9. Rupture disc - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rupture_disc

    A rupture disc (burst) Pressure-effect acting at a rupture disc A rupture disc, also known as a pressure safety disc, burst disc, bursting disc, or burst diaphragm, is a non-reclosing pressure relief safety device that, in most uses, protects a pressure vessel, equipment or system from overpressurization or potentially damaging vacuum conditions.