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Incorporation of "low-cost thinking" into an organisation's culture [5]: 8 Half cost strategies: ambitious strategies which aim to reduce the costs of specific production processes or value adding stages to 1/N of the previous cost. [7] Examples specifically focussed on the use of suppliers and the costs of goods and services supplied include:
In microeconomics, economies of scale are the cost advantages that enterprises obtain due to their scale of operation, and are typically measured by the amount of output produced per unit of cost (production cost) . A decrease in cost per unit of output enables an increase in scale that is, increased production with lowered cost. [1]
Using the long-run cost curve, firms can scale their means of production to reduce the costs of producing the good. [1] There are three principal cost functions (or 'curves') used in microeconomic analysis: Long-run total cost (LRTC) is the cost function that represents the total cost of production for all goods produced.
X-inefficiency is a concept used in economics to describe instances where firms go through internal inefficiency resulting in higher production costs than required for a given output. This inefficiency can result from various factors, such as outdated technology, inefficient production processes, poor management, and lack of competition, and it ...
The size of the fixed costs is irrelevant as it is a sunk cost. [10] The same consideration is used whether fixed costs are one dollar or one million dollars.) On the other hand if VC > R then the firm is not even covering its short-run production costs and it should immediately shut down.
The cost can comprise any of the factors of production (including labor, capital, or land) and taxation. The theory makes the most sense under assumptions of constant returns to scale and the existence of just one non-produced factor of production. With these assumptions, minimal price theorem, a dual version of the so-called non-substitution ...
Decrease production if marginal cost is greater than marginal revenue; Continue producing if average variable cost is less than price per unit, even if average total cost is greater than price; Shut down if average variable cost is greater than price at each level of outputs; The decisions of the firm impacts consumer decisions.
A limit price is the price set by a monopolist to discourage economic entry into a market. The limit price is the price that the entrant would face upon entering as long as the incumbent firm did not decrease output. The limit price is often lower than the average cost of production or just low enough to make entering not profitable.