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This template is designed to convert a set of Swiss coordinates into either the corresponding WGS84 decimal latitude or longitude. It is intended to facilitate the usage of geodata (see {}) in articles about subjects for which only Swiss coordinates are readily available. The template should always be substituted.
NADCON – a free utility for Microsoft Windows to convert between NAD 27 and NAD 83; nadcon.prl – a web-based utility for NADCON; NAD 83: What Is It and Why You Should Care by Dane E. Ericksen, P.E., Hammett & Edison, Inc., Consulting Engineers. 1994 SBE National Convention and World Media Expo. Archived 26 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine
There are transformations that directly convert geodetic coordinates from one datum to another. There are more indirect transforms that convert from geodetic coordinates to ECEF coordinates, transform the ECEF coordinates from one datum to another, then transform ECEF coordinates of the new datum back to geodetic coordinates.
The World Geodetic System (WGS) is a standard used in cartography, geodesy, and satellite navigation including GPS.The current version, WGS 84, defines an Earth-centered, Earth-fixed coordinate system and a geodetic datum, and also describes the associated Earth Gravitational Model (EGM) and World Magnetic Model (WMM).
EPSG:3857 - Web Mercator projection of WGS 84, used for display by many web-based mapping tools, including Google Maps and OpenStreetMap. EPSG:9989 - International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2020 (ITRF2020) for 3D coordinates (latitude, longitude, ellipsoidal height) with subcentimeter accuracy, used for monitoring continental drift among others.
It provides a raster of 2.5′×2.5′ and an accuracy approaching 10 cm. 1'×1' is also available [7] in non-float but lossless PGM, [5] [8] but original .gsb files are better. [9] Indeed, some libraries like GeographicLib use uncompressed PGM, but it is not original float data as was present in .gsb format.
A geodetic datum or geodetic system (also: geodetic reference datum, geodetic reference system, or geodetic reference frame, or terrestrial reference frame) is a global datum reference or reference frame for unambiguously representing the position of locations on Earth by means of either geodetic coordinates (and related vertical coordinates) or geocentric coordinates. [1]
The specified offsets relative to WGS84 (WGS84-HGRS87) are: Δx = -199.87 m, Δy = 74.79 m, Δz = 246.62 m. The HGRS87 datum is implemented by a first order geodetic network, which consists of approximately 30 triangulation stations throughout Greece and is maintained by the Hellenic Military Geographical Service.