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Back-up collision with a lamppost. Back-up collisions happen when a driver reverses the car into an object, person, or other car. Although most cars come equipped with rear view mirrors which are adequate for detecting vehicles behind a car, they are inadequate on many vehicles for detecting small children or objects close to the ground, which fall in the car's blind spot, particularly ...
Back-up beepers or an observer are required by OSHA for earth-moving vehicles with an obstructed view to the rear and no one on the ground to help guide the driver. [9] OSHA regulation 29 CFR Part 1926.601(b)(4) requires "a reverse signal alarm audible above surrounding noise level", but only when the motor vehicle has "an obstructed view to the rear".
A horn is a sound-making device installed on motor vehicles, trains, boats, and other types of vehicles. The sound it makes usually resembles a “honk” (older vehicles) or a “beep” (modern vehicles). The driver uses the horn to warn others of the vehicle's presence or approach, or to call attention to some hazard.
Nader counters by pointing out that, at the time, annual (and unnecessary) styling changes added, on average, about $700 to the consumer cost of a new car (equivalent to $6,800 in 2023). This compared to an average expenditure in safety by the automotive companies of about twenty-three cents per car (equivalent to $2.22 in 2023). [5]: p187
Ninja rocks take advantage of the physical properties of tempered glass, disrupting surface compressive stress and causing the glass to shatter. Tempered glass, which is used for the side windows of most vehicles, is manufactured with an extremely high surface compressive stress and high internal tensile stress. This gives it strength and ...
Roadway noise is the collective sound energy emanating from motor vehicles. It consists chiefly of road surface, tire, engine/transmission, aerodynamic, and braking elements. Noise of rolling tires driving on pavement is found to be the biggest contributor of highway noise and increases with higher vehicle speeds. [1] [2] [3]
Toyota introduced ultrasonic Back Sonar on the 1982 Toyota Corona, offering it until 1988. [7] On December 13, 1984, Massimo Ciccarello and Ruggero Lenci (see List of Italian inventors ) entered in Italy the patent request for ultrasonics Parking sensors, and on November 16, 1988, the Ministry of Industry granted them the Patent for industrial ...
Active noise cancelling (ANC) is a software process that uses existing in-vehicle infotainment hardware to eliminate undesirable noise within the interior of a vehicle. This elimination technique is known as harmonic order reduction, where unwanted audio signals are identified by sensors and filtered out of the overall interior vehicle sound. [3]