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Most cases of humans contracting rabies from infected animals are in developing nations. In 2010, an estimated 26,000 people died from the disease, down from 54,000 in 1990. [6] The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that dogs are the main source of human rabies deaths, contributing up to 99% of all transmissions of the disease to humans. [7]
Other sources of rabies in humans include bats, [45] [46] monkeys, raccoons, foxes, skunks, cattle, wolves, coyotes, cats, and mongooses (normally either the small Asian mongoose or the yellow mongoose). [47] Rabies may also spread through exposure to infected bears, domestic farm animals, groundhogs, weasels, and other wild carnivorans.
In 1932, Pawan first discovered that infected vampire bats could transmit rabies to humans and other animals. [22] [23] [24] Rabies virus is primarily transmitted through the bite of a rabid animal, allowing it to penetrate the skin, infect tissues, and neurons through their nerve endings and spreading to the nervous system.
Rabies (hydrophobia) is a fatal viral disease that can affect any mammal, although the close relationship of dogs with humans makes canine rabies a zoonotic concern. Vaccination of dogs for rabies is commonly required by law. Please see the article dog health for information on this disease in dogs. [1]
All dogs coming into the U.S. from other countries must be at least 6 months old and microchipped to help prevent the spread of rabies, according to new government rules published Wednesday. The ...
Rabies vaccines are effective in humans and other animals, and vaccinating dogs is very effective in preventing the spread of rabies to humans. [11] A long-lasting immunity to the virus develops after a full course of treatment. [11] Rabies vaccines may be used safely by all age groups. [11]
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At a global level, dog bites and scratches cause 99% of the human rabies cases, [2] but in some countries, including the United States, most cases of human rabies are acquired from bats. [3] Almost all human deaths caused by rabies occur in Asia and Africa. It is estimated that 60% of rabies human deaths occur in Africa. [4]