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These side effects may occur in as many as 90% of men treated with bicalutamide monotherapy, [29] but gynecomastia is generally reported to occur in 70 to 80% of patients. [30] In the EPC trial, at a median follow-up of 7.4 years, breast pain and gynecomastia respectively occurred in 73.6% and 68.8% of men treated with 150 mg/day bicalutamide ...
Life-threatening side effects are rare, but some users show increases in body fat and reduced bone density, which increase long-term risk of cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis, respectively. Males may also experience gynecomastia (development of larger-than-normal mammary glands in males); full development is less common unless chemical ...
Castration is any action, surgical, chemical, or otherwise, by which a male loses use of the testicles: the male gonad.Surgical castration is bilateral orchiectomy (excision of both testicles), while chemical castration uses pharmaceutical drugs to deactivate the testes.
Typical effects of virilization in children are pubic hair, accelerated growth and bone maturation, increased muscle strength, acne, and adult body odor. In males, virilization may signal precocious puberty , while congenital adrenal hyperplasia and androgen producing tumors (usually) of the gonads or adrenals are occasional causes in both sexes.
Other symptoms include thickening of the bone structure and accumulation of bone tissue, which both contribute to impaired joint mobility. Ligaments and cartilage can become ossified. [3] Most patients with skeletal fluorosis show side effects from the high fluoride dose such as ruptures of the stomach lining and nausea. [4]
These adverse sexual side effects are typically seen in less than 5% of men on the drug. There is also a link to mental health effects, including depression. However, it’s unclear how common ...
Treatment of breast cancer in women, although they are now very rarely used for this purpose due to their marked virilizing side effects. [43] [18] [44] In low doses as a component of hormone therapy for postmenopausal and transgender women, for instance to increase energy, well-being, libido, and quality of life, as well as to reduce hot flashes.
Autologous bone graft is the "gold standard" treatment and possesses osteogenic, osteoinductive, and osteoconductive properties, although only a limited sample can be taken and there is a high risk of side effects. [11] Bone graft substitutes. Inorganic bone substitutes may be used to complement or replace autologous bone grafting.