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The use of the word secret in the former title, "Vatican Secret Archive", does not denote the modern meaning of confidentiality. A fuller and perhaps better translation of the archive's former Latin name may be the "private Vatican Apostolic archive", indicating that its holdings are the pope's personal property, not those of any particular department of the Roman Curia or the Holy See.
The conclave of 1939 was the shortest of the 20th century. [1] It was also the last to include all living cardinals. Pacelli was the first Pope born in Rome since Innocent XIII , in 1721, and the first member of the Roman Curia to become Pontiff since Gregory XVI (1831).
The Vatican Apostolic Library (Latin: Bibliotheca Apostolica Vaticana, Italian: Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana), more commonly known as the Vatican Library or informally as the Vat, [1] is the library of the Holy See, located in Vatican City, and is the city-state's national library. It was formally established in 1475, although it is much ...
In 2020, the Holy See opened its Vatican Apostolic Archive, previously known as the Vatican Secret Archive, for the period of Pius XII's pontificate (1939–1958). Some issues to be raised on the bilateral agenda are seen by the Holy See also as theological matters, such as anti-Semitism and Holocaust revisionism and denial .
Nothing sacred: Nazi espionage against the Vatican, 1939-1945; Blet, Pierre, and Johnson, Lawrence J. 1999. Pius XII and the Second World War: According to the Archives of the Vatican. Paulist Press. ISBN 0-8091-0503-9; Chadwick, Owen. 1988. Britain and the Vatican During the Second World War. Cambridge University Press; Dalin, David. 2005.
In 1939 Pius XII placed his pontificate under the maternal care of Our Lady of Good Counsel and composed a prayer to her. [ 140 ] [ 141 ] This 19th-century painting is by Pasquale Sarullo . Pius XII issued 41 encyclicals during his pontificate—more than all his successors in the past 50 years taken together—along with many other writings ...
Newly discovered correspondence suggests that World War II-era Pope Pius XII had detailed information from a trusted German Jesuit that up to 6,000 Jews and Poles were being gassed each day in ...
The cardinal electors in the 1939 papal conclave numbered 62 and all of them participated. They are arranged by region, and within each alphabetically. Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli, Cardinal Secretary of State, was elected Pope and adopted the name Pius XII.