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In areas where there is little iodine in the diet, typically remote inland areas and semi-arid equatorial climates where no marine foods are eaten, iodine deficiency also gives rise to hypothyroidism, the most serious symptoms of which are epidemic goitre (swelling of the thyroid gland), extreme fatigue, mental slowing, depression, weight gain ...
Natural food sources of iodine include seafood which contains fish, seaweeds, kelp, shellfish and other foods which contain dairy products, eggs, meats, vegetables, so long as the animals ate iodine richly, and the plants are grown on iodine-rich soil. [114] [115] Iodised salt is fortified with potassium iodate, a salt of iodine, potassium, oxygen.
The iodine content of sea vegetables varies widely and may provide more than the recommended upper limit of iodine intake. [ 1 ] A 2023 review found that vegans have lower iodine compared with people consuming omnivorous diets.
Limiting certain foods may also help in controlling high blood pressure. First, individuals with hypertension are recommended to limit sodium intake to about 1,500 milligrams or less per day.
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Iodine (I) can be used to determine whether fruits are ripening or rotting by showing whether the starch in the fruit has turned into sugar. For example, a drop of iodine on a slightly rotten part (not the skin) of an apple will stay yellow or orange, since starch is no longer present.
Like many of the other foods on this list, sweet potatoes are a good source of both potassium and magnesium and as an added bonus, they are high in fiber, which decreases the risk of heart problems.
Iodine is a micronutrient and dietary mineral that is naturally present in the food supply in some regions, especially near sea coasts but is generally quite rare in the Earth's crust since iodine is a so-called heavy element, and abundance of chemical elements generally declines with greater atomic mass.
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