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In rear-wheel drive cars and trucks, the engine turns a driveshaft (also called a propeller shaft or tailshaft) which transmits the rotational force to a drive axle at the rear of the vehicle. The drive axle may be a live axle, but modern rear-wheel drive automobiles generally use a split axle with a differential. In this case, one half-axle or ...
Diagram of an epicyclic gearing system. An epicyclic differential uses epicyclic gearing to send certain proportions of torque to the front axle and the rear axle in an all-wheel drive vehicle. [citation needed] An advantage of the epicyclic design is its relatively compact width (when viewed along the axis of its input shaft). [citation needed]
Rear-wheel drive (RWD) is a form of engine and transmission layout used in motor vehicles, in which the engine drives the rear wheels only. Until the late 20th century, rear-wheel drive was the most common configuration for cars. Most rear-wheel drive vehicles feature a longitudinally-mounted engine at the front of the car.
Csonka transaxle from 1908 Drawing of the "Alfa Transaxle" layout, with gearbox mounted in block at the rear differential; also inboard brakes to reduce unsprung mass. A transaxle is a single mechanical device which combines the functions of an automobile's transmission, axle, and differential into one integrated assembly. [1]
Its design is similar to the Torsen T-2 (slightly less torque bias), and is an aftermarket part for many popular US-made solid axles for rear-wheel drive and 4x4 pick-up trucks. The Truetrac is most often used in the front axle of 4x4 pick-up trucks intended for off-road use, in combination with locking center and rear differentials.
Center axle disconnect on a Dana 60, in a 1999 4x4 Dodge 2500HD. A center axle disconnect system or CAD is an alternative to locking hubs. CAD systems are typically used in front drive axles on four wheel drive vehicles. A CAD system works by having an axle shaft (typically the longer shaft) split into two pieces.
The front-engine front-wheel-drive layout also has this advantage. Since the engine is typically the heaviest component of the car, putting it near the rear axle usually results in more weight over the rear axle than the front, commonly referred to as a rear weight bias. The farther back the engine, the greater the bias.
The GM AAM axle tubes exhibit a smaller diameter at the spindle compared to the AAM Dodge axles—measuring 4" for GM and 3.5" for Dodge from the housing. In design variation, newer GM trucks are aligned with Dodge axles. Additionally, GM incorporates a vibration damper on the yoke, while Dodge positions it on the drive shaft.
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