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In organic chemistry, a carbonyl group is a functional group with the formula C=O, composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom, and it is divalent at the C atom. It is common to several classes of organic compounds (such as aldehydes , ketones and carboxylic acid ), as part of many larger functional groups.
Its adjectival form, vinylogous, is used to describe functional groups in which the standard moieties of the group are separated by a carbon–carbon double bond. For example, a carboxylic acid is defined as a carbonyl group ( C=O ) directly attached to a hydroxyl group ( OH ): O=C–OH.
General structure of 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4-dicarbonyls. In organic chemistry, a dicarbonyl is a molecule containing two carbonyl (C=O) groups.Although this term could refer to any organic compound containing two carbonyl groups, it is used more specifically to describe molecules in which both carbonyls are in close enough proximity that their reactivity is changed, such as 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4 ...
This functional group consists of a carbonyl group flanked by two alkoxy groups. The general structure of these carbonates is R−O−C(=O)−O−R' and they are related to esters (R−O−C(=O)−R'), ethers (R−O−R') and also to the inorganic carbonates. Monomers of polycarbonate (e.g. Makrolon or Lexan) are linked by carbonate groups ...
The reactivity of a functional group can be modified by other functional groups nearby. Functional group interconversion can be used in retrosynthetic analysis to plan organic synthesis. A functional group is a group of atoms in a molecule with distinctive chemical properties, regardless of the other atoms in the molecule. The atoms in a ...
α,β-Unsaturated carbonyl compounds featuring a carbonyl conjugated to an alkene that is terminal, or vinylic, contain the acryloyl group (H 2 C=CH−C(=O)−); it is the acyl group derived from acrylic acid. The preferred IUPAC name for the group is prop-2-enoyl, and it is also known as acrylyl or simply (and incorrectly) as acryl. Compounds ...
A polycarbonate is an oxocarbon dianion consisting of a chain of carbonate units, where successive carbonyl groups are directly linked to each other by shared additional oxygen atoms. That is, they are the conjugate bases of polycarbonic acids , the conceptual anhydrides of carbonic acid , or polymers of carbon dioxide .
An acyl halide (also known as an acid halide) is a chemical compound derived from an oxoacid [1] by replacing a hydroxyl group (−OH) with a halide group (−X, where X is a halogen). [ 2 ] In organic chemistry , the term typically refers to acyl halides of carboxylic acids ( −C(=O)OH ), which contain a −C(=O)X functional group consisting ...