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The SI unit of frequency is the hertz (Hz). It is the property of sound that most determines pitch. [1] The generally accepted standard hearing range for humans is 20 to 20,000 Hz. [2] [3] [4] In air at atmospheric pressure, these represent sound waves with wavelengths of 17 metres (56 ft) to 1.7
This is a list of the fundamental frequencies in hertz (cycles per second) of the keys of a modern 88-key standard or 108-key extended piano in twelve-tone equal temperament, with the 49th key, the fifth A (called A 4), tuned to 440 Hz (referred to as A440). [1] [2] Every octave is made of twelve steps called semitones.
100 Hz 100 Hz: Cyclic rate of a typical automobile engine at redline (equivalent to 6000 rpm) 261.626 Hz: Acoustic – the musical note middle C (C 4) 440 Hz: Acoustic – concert pitch (A above middle C; A 4), used for tuning musical instruments 716 Hz: Rotational period of one of the fastest known millisecond pulsars, PSR J1748−2446ad [4] 10 3
For example, a perfect fifth, say 200 and 300 Hz (cycles per second), causes a listener to perceive a combination tone of 100 Hz (the difference between 300 Hz and 200 Hz); that is, an octave below the lower (actual sounding) note. This 100 Hz first-order combination tone then interacts with both notes of the interval to produce second-order ...
In telecommunication, a standard test tone is a pure tone with a standardized level generally used for level alignment of single links and of links in tandem. [1]For standardized test signal levels and frequencies, see MIL-STD-188-100 for United States Department of Defense (DOD) use, and the Code of Federal Regulations Title 47, part 68 for other Government agencies.
In 1701, Sauveur proposed that all musical pitches should be based on a son fixe (fixed sound), that is, one unspecified note set to 100 Hz, from which all others would be derived. In 1713, Sauveur changed his proposal to one based on C 4 set to 256 Hz; this was later called "philosophical pitch" or "Sauveur pitch".
In digital audio, 44,100 Hz (alternately represented as 44.1 kHz) is a common sampling frequency. Analog audio is often recorded by sampling it 44,100 times per second, and then these samples are used to reconstruct the audio signal when playing it back.
In the MIDI language middle C is referred to as MIDI note number 60. The lowest note that a pipe organ can sound (with a true pipe) is C −1 (or CCCC), which is 8 Hz, below the range of human hearing and not visible on this chart. However, if acoustic combination (a note and its fifth) counts, the lowest note is C −2 (or CCCCC), which is 4 Hz.