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Actinomyces species may form endospores, and while individual bacteria are rod-shaped, Actinomyces colonies form fungus-like branched networks of hyphae. [3] The aspect of these colonies initially led to the incorrect assumption that the organism was a fungus and to the name Actinomyces , "ray fungus" (from Greek actis , ray or beam, and mykes ...
While this role is also played by fungi, Actinomycetota are much smaller and likely do not occupy the same ecological niche. In this role the colonies often grow extensive mycelia , as fungi do, and the name of an important order of the phylum, Actinomycetales (the actinomycetes), reflects that they were long believed to be fungi.
Some actinomycetes can form rod- or coccoid-shaped forms, while others can form spores on aerial hyphae. Actinomycetales bacteria can be infected by bacteriophages , which are called actinophages. Actinomycetales can range from harmless bacteria to pathogens with resistance to antibiotics.
The genus name, Actinomyces, borrows from the Greek words "aktinos" and "mykēs" which refer to ray and fungus, respectively. [3] When combined, Actinomyces translates to "ray fungus", reflecting the radial arrangement of filaments in addition to the presence of asexual spores, both of which are characteristic of filamentous fungus. [3]
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Mycobacterium is a genus of over 190 species in the phylum Actinomycetota, assigned its own family, Mycobacteriaceae.This genus includes pathogens known to cause serious diseases in mammals, including tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) and leprosy in humans.
Frankia is a gram-positive Bacteria that is found on the roots of plants. The fact that Frankia is gram-positive means that the bacteria is made up of thick cell walls made out of protein called peptidologlycan. This helps with the resistance of the heavy metals that may be in the degraded soil.
In 2022 the World Health Organization (WHO) published a list of fungal pathogens which should be a priority for public health action. [4] Markedly more fungi are known to be pathogenic to plant life than those of the animal kingdom. [5] The study of fungi and other organisms pathogenic to plants is called plant pathology.