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Axillary buds are located at the intersection of the leaf and stem of a plant. The axillary bud (or lateral bud) is an embryonic or organogenic shoot located in the axil of a leaf. Each bud has the potential to form shoots, and may be specialized in producing either vegetative shoots (stems and branches) or reproductive shoots . Once formed, a ...
The stem can also be called the culm, halm, haulm, stalk, or thyrsus. The stem is normally divided into nodes and internodes: [2] The nodes are the points of attachment for leaves and can hold one or more leaves. There are sometimes axillary buds between the stem and leaf which can grow into branches (with leaves, conifer cones, or flowers). [2 ...
In botany and dendrology, a rhizome (/ ˈ r aɪ z oʊ m / RY-zohm) [note 1] is a modified subterranean plant stem that sends out roots and shoots from its nodes. Rhizomes are also called creeping rootstalks or just rootstalks. [3] Rhizomes develop from axillary buds and grow horizontally. The rhizome also retains the ability to allow new shoots ...
They may develop on roots or leaves, or on shoots as a new growth. Shoot apical meristems produce one or more axillary or lateral buds at each node. When stems produce considerable secondary growth, the axillary buds may be destroyed. Adventitious buds may then develop on stems with secondary growth. [citation needed]
In some angiosperms, the short shoots, also called spur shoots or fruit spurs, produce the majority of flowers and fruit. A similar pattern occurs in some conifers and in Ginkgo , although the "short shoots" of some genera such as Picea are so small that they can be mistaken for part of the leaf that they have produced.
There are two types of apical meristem tissue: shoot apical meristem (SAM), which gives rise to organs like the leaves and flowers, and root apical meristem (RAM), which provides the meristematic cells for future root growth. SAM and RAM cells divide rapidly and are considered indeterminate, in that they do not possess any defined end status.
Lateral shoots/branches are often numerous on larger vegetation such as certain trees or bushes. A lateral shoot , commonly known as a branch , is a part of a plant's shoot system that develops from axillary buds on the stem's surface, extending laterally from the plant's stem .
This promotes shoot growth, and restricts lateral branching. Cytokinin moves from the roots into the shoots, eventually signaling lateral bud growth. Simple experiments support this theory. When the apical bud is removed, the axillary buds are uninhibited, lateral growth increases, and plants become bushier.