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As with other Central Asian Turkic languages, a Latin alphabet, the Yañalif, was introduced by the Soviets and used from 1929 to 1940 when it was replaced with Cyrillic. [4] [9] Moreover, a Latin alphabet based on Pinyin was used for Kazakhs in China from 1964 to 1984. Later, the use of the Kazakh Arabic alphabet was restored in China.
Kazakhstan used Latin letters from 1929 to 1940, after which the country switched to Cyrillic during a Stalinist reform. Before that, the Arabic script was used there. On September 28, 2017, the Parliament of Kazakhstan held a hearing at which the draft of the new alphabet based on Latin was presented. The alphabet will consist of 25 characters.
In an effort to Russianize the Kazakhs, the Latin alphabet was in turn replaced by the Cyrillic alphabet in 1940 by Soviet interventionists. Today, there are efforts to return to the Latin script, and in January 2021 the government announced plans to switch to the Latin alphabet. [61] Kazakh is a state (official) language in Kazakhstan.
Following the publication, the Latin Dustь ("friend of the Latin") society was formed in Kazan on 16 November 1924. It suggested its own version of Tatar Latin alphabet, which didn't cover Bashkir sounds. [3] In 1926 the Congress of Turkologists in Baku recommended to switch all Turkic languages to the Latin script.
Speakers of Kazakh (mainly Kazakhs) are spread over a vast territory from the Tian Shan to the western shore of the Caspian Sea.Kazakh is the official state language of Kazakhstan, with nearly 10 million speakers (based on information from the CIA World Factbook [6] on population and proportion of Kazakh speakers).
On December 20, 1928, the Central Executive Committee of the Kazakh ASSR adopted a resolution to change the writing of Kazakh from Arabic script to the Latinized alphabet. In 1930, the Kara-Kalpak Autonomous Region was withdrawn from the KASSR. On the document of 1931 there is a seal of the Kazakh SSR without inscriptions. [2]
By 2019, the news agency's website began to use the revised 2018 Romanization system in their Latin Kazakh-language version, eventually ditching the Turkish Latin-based system; however, Kazakh Wikipedia and Google Translate still used the agency's old Romanization system in their Latin rendition and Kazakh translation feature, respectively.
BGN/PCGN [A] romanization system for Kazakh is a method for romanization of Cyrillic Kazakh texts, that is, their transliteration into the Latin alphabet as used in the English language. The BGN/PCGN system for transcribing Kazakh was designed to be relatively intuitive for anglophones to pronounce.