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  2. Sentence (mathematical logic) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentence_(mathematical_logic)

    Sentences are then built up out of atomic sentences by applying connectives and quantifiers. A set of sentences is called a theory; thus, individual sentences may be called theorems. To properly evaluate the truth (or falsehood) of a sentence, one must make reference to an interpretation of the theory.

  3. Metamath - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamath

    The Metamath Proof Explorer (recorded in set.mm) is the main database. It is based on classical first-order logic and ZFC set theory (with the addition of Tarski-Grothendieck set theory when needed, for example in category theory). The database has been maintained for over thirty years (the first proofs in set.mm are dated September 1992). The ...

  4. Propositional calculus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propositional_calculus

    The assumption set lists the assumptions on which the given sentence of proof depends, which are referenced by the line numbers. [38] The annotation specifies which rule of proof was applied, and to which earlier lines, to yield the current sentence. [38] See the § Natural deduction proof example.

  5. Formal proof - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal_proof

    In logic and mathematics, a formal proof or derivation is a finite sequence of sentences (known as well-formed formulas when relating to formal language), each of which is an axiom, an assumption, or follows from the preceding sentences in the sequence, according to the rule of inference.

  6. Mathematical proof - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_proof

    In proof by exhaustion, the conclusion is established by dividing it into a finite number of cases and proving each one separately. The number of cases sometimes can become very large. For example, the first proof of the four color theorem was a proof by exhaustion with 1,936 cases. This proof was controversial because the majority of the cases ...

  7. Model theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_theory

    A set of sentences is called a (first-order) theory, which takes the sentences in the set as its axioms. A theory is satisfiable if it has a model M ⊨ T {\displaystyle {\mathcal {M}}\models T} , i.e. a structure (of the appropriate signature) which satisfies all the sentences in the set T {\displaystyle T} .

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