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Even and odd numbers: An integer is even if it is a multiple of 2, and is odd otherwise. Prime number: A positive integer with exactly two positive divisors: itself and 1. The primes form an infinite sequence 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, ...
In other words, the decimal representation undergoes a right circular shift by one place. For example: ... 2/1Ɛ 3 2497 4 7/2Ɛ = 1/5 4 10309236ᘔ88206164719544 1Ɛ
The decimal expansion of non-negative real number x will end in zeros (or in nines) if, and only if, x is a rational number whose denominator is of the form 2 n 5 m, where m and n are non-negative integers. Proof:
6 1 2 1 1 −1 4 5 9. and would be written in modern notation as 6 1 / 4 , 1 1 / 5 , and 2 − 1 / 9 (i.e., 1 8 / 9 ). The horizontal fraction bar is first attested in the work of Al-Hassār (fl. 1200), [35] a Muslim mathematician from Fez, Morocco, who specialized in Islamic inheritance jurisprudence.
Similarly, if the final digit on the right of the decimal mark is zero—that is, if b n = 0 —it may be removed; conversely, trailing zeros may be added after the decimal mark without changing the represented number; [note 1] for example, 15 = 15.0 = 15.00 and 5.2 = 5.20 = 5.200. For representing a negative number, a minus sign is placed ...
Every terminating decimal representation can be written as a decimal fraction, a fraction whose denominator is a power of 10 (e.g. 1.585 = 1585 / 1000 ); it may also be written as a ratio of the form k / 2 n ·5 m (e.g. 1.585 = 317 / 2 3 ·5 2 ).
If there are 2 oranges and 3 apples, the ratio of oranges to apples is 2:3, and the ratio of oranges to the total number of pieces of fruit is 2:5. These ratios can also be expressed in fraction form: there are 2/3 as many oranges as apples, and 2/5 of the pieces of fruit are oranges.
In the example below, the divisor is 101 2, or 5 in decimal, while the dividend is 11011 2, or 27 in decimal. The procedure is the same as that of decimal long division; here, the divisor 101 2 goes into the first three digits 110 2 of the dividend one time, so a "1" is written on the top line. This result is multiplied by the divisor, and ...