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Both pericytes and endothelial cells share a basement membrane where a variety of intercellular connections are made. Many types of integrin molecules facilitate communication between pericytes and endothelial cells separated by the basement membrane. [6] Pericytes can also form direct connections with neighboring cells by forming peg and ...
The neurovascular unit is made up of vascular cells (including endothelium, pericytes, and smooth muscle cells), glia (astrocytes and microglia), and neurons with synaptic junctions for signaling. [1] Cerebral vessels, namely arterioles and the perivascular compartment, form the network of the NVU. [7]
Endothelial dysfunction is a result of changes in endothelial function. [ 20 ] [ 21 ] After fat ( lipid ) accumulation and when stimulated by inflammation, endothelial cells become activated, which is characterized by the expression of molecules such as E-selectin, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1, which stimulate the adhesion of immune cells. [ 22 ]
The basement membrane, also known as base membrane, is a thin, pliable sheet-like type of extracellular matrix that provides cell and tissue support and acts as a platform for complex signalling. [1] [2] The basement membrane sits between epithelial tissues including mesothelium and endothelium, and the underlying connective tissue. [3] [4]
The BBB is composed of endothelial cells restricting passage of substances from the blood more selectively than endothelial cells of capillaries elsewhere in the body. [9] Astrocyte cell projections called astrocytic feet (also known as "glia limitans") surround the endothelial cells of the BBB, providing biochemical support to those cells. [10]
Most vessels of the microcirculation are lined by flattened cells of the endothelium and many of them are surrounded by contractile cells called pericytes.The endothelium provides a smooth surface for the flow of blood and regulates the movement of water and dissolved materials in the interstitial plasma between the blood and the tissues.
The interaction between stromal cells and tumor cells is known to play a major role in cancer growth and progression. [1] In addition, by regulating local cytokine networks (e.g. M-CSF , [ 2 ] LIF [ 3 ] ), bone marrow stromal cells have been described to be involved in human hematopoiesis and inflammatory processes.
The glomerular basement membrane of the kidney is the basal lamina layer of the glomerulus.The glomerular endothelial cells, the glomerular basement membrane, and the filtration slits between the podocytes perform the filtration function of the glomerulus, separating the blood in the capillaries from the filtrate that forms in Bowman's capsule. [1]