Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
These mathematical models of CP-PLL allow to get analytical estimations of the hold-in range (a maximum range of the input signal period such that there exists a locked state at which the VCO is not overloaded) and the pull-in range (a maximum range of the input signal period within the hold-in range such that for any initial state the CP-PLL ...
A phase-locked loop or phase lock loop (PLL) is a control system that generates an output signal whose phase is fixed relative to the phase of an input signal. Keeping the input and output phase in lockstep also implies keeping the input and output frequencies the same, thus a phase-locked loop can also track an input frequency.
Thus, noise at f 1 is correlated with f 2 if f 2 = f 1 + kf o, where k is an integer, and not otherwise. However, the phase produced by oscillators that exhibit phase noise is not stable. And while the noise produced by oscillators is correlated across frequency, the correlation is not a set of equally spaced impulses as it is with driven systems.
In signal processing, phase noise is the frequency-domain representation of random fluctuations in the phase of a waveform, corresponding to time-domain deviations from perfect periodicity . Generally speaking, radio-frequency engineers speak of the phase noise of an oscillator, whereas digital-system engineers work with the jitter of a clock.
If used correctly, the Leeson equation gives a useful prediction of oscillator performance in this range. If a value for f c is included, the equation also shows a curve fit for the flicker noise. The f c for an amplifier depends on the actual configuration used, because radio-frequency and low-frequency negative feedback can have an effect on f c.
Another optical noise figure F ase for amplified spontaneous emission has been defined. [8] But the noise factor F ase is not the SNR degradation factor in any optical receiver. All the above conflicts are resolved by the optical in-phase and quadrature noise factor and figure F o,IQ. [9] [10] It can be measured using a coherent optical I&Q ...
In the classic books on phase-locked loops, [1] [2] published in 1966, such concepts as hold-in, pull-in, lock-in, and other frequency ranges for which PLL can achieve lock, were introduced. They are widely used nowadays (see, e.g. contemporary engineering literature [ 3 ] [ 4 ] and other publications).
Noise figure; Noise floor; Noise generator; Noise power; ... Phase noise; Phonon noise; ... This page was last edited on 9 April 2024, ...