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Anti-individualism (also known as content externalism) is an approach to linguistic meaning in philosophy, [1] the philosophy of psychology, [2] and linguistics.. The proponents arguing for anti-individualism in these areas have in common the view that what seems to be internal to the individual is to some degree dependent on the social environment, thus self-knowledge, intentions, reasoning ...
Giving alms to the poor is often considered an altruistic action.. Altruism is the concern for the well-being of others, independently of personal benefit or reciprocity.. The word altruism was popularised (and possibly coined) by the French philosopher Auguste Comte in French, as altruisme, for an antonym of egoism. [1]
Value theory is the interdisciplinary study of values.Also called axiology, it examines the nature, sources, and types of values.Primarily a branch of philosophy, it is an interdisciplinary field closely associated with social sciences like economics, sociology, anthropology, and psychology.
In value theory, individual values may align with, or conflict against one another, often visualised in a circular diagram where opposing poles indicate values that are in conflict. An expanded framework of 19 distinct values was presented from Schwartz and colleagues in a 2012 publication, creating on the theory of basic values.
The analysis uses ordinal rankings of individual choice to represent behavioral patterns. Cardinal measures of individual utility and, a fortiori, interpersonal comparisons of utility are avoided on grounds that such measures are unnecessary to represent behavior and depend on mutually incompatible value judgments (p. 9).
Personal values exist in relation to cultural values, either in agreement with or divergence from prevailing norms. A culture is a social system that shares a set of ...
Individualism is the moral stance, political philosophy, ideology, and social outlook that emphasizes the intrinsic worth of the individual. [1] [2] Individualists promote realizing one's goals and desires, valuing independence and self-reliance, and advocating that the interests of the individual should gain precedence over the state or a social group, while opposing external interference ...
The word "ethics" is "commonly used interchangeably with 'morality' ... and sometimes it is used more narrowly to mean the moral principles of a particular tradition, group, or individual." [ 8 ] Likewise, certain types of ethical theories, especially deontological ethics , sometimes distinguish between ethics and morality.