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The native flora of Chile is characterized by a higher degree of endemism and relatively fewer species compared to the flora of other countries of South America. A classification of this flora necessitates its division into at least three general zones: the desert provinces of the north, Central Chile , and the humid regions of the south.
Lapageria is a genus of flowering plants with only one known species, Lapageria rosea, commonly known as Chilean bellflower or copihue (co‑pee‑wueh, from Mapudungun kopiwe). [2] Lapageria rosea is endemic to Chile and it is the national flower of this country.
Luma apiculata, the Chilean myrtle, arrayán or temu, [2] is a species of flowering plant in the myrtle family, native to the central Andes between Chile and Argentina, at 33 to 45° south latitude. Growing to 10–15 m (33–49 ft) tall and wide, it is a vigorous, bushy, evergreen tree with fragrant flowers.
In northern climates, it flowers from February to March. Tecophilaea cyanocrocus grows on stems up to 4 in (10 cm) tall, with 1-3 linear fleshy leaves. The single flowers are approximately 1 in (2.5 cm) across, goblet shaped, and are an unusual deep gentian blue color, with a whitish center. The root is a nearly spherical corm with a fibrous cover.
The green or yellow flowers are borne on spikes which resemble a medieval mace, and stand up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in) high. Spreading by offsets, Puya chilensis can colonise large areas over time. Growth is slow and plants may take 20 years or more to flower.
Gunnera tinctoria, known as giant rhubarb, [2] Chilean rhubarb, or nalca, is a flowering plant species native to southern Chile and neighboring zones in Argentina. It is unrelated to rhubarb , as the two plants belong to different orders , but looks similar from a distance and has similar culinary uses.
Eccremocarpus scaber, the Chilean glory-flower or Chilean glory creeper, [2] is a species of perennial plant in the family Bignoniaceae. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] It is found in Chile . [ 4 ]
Libertia chilensis, synonym Libertia formosa, [1] called the New Zealand satin flower, [2] snowy mermaid, [3] or Chilean-iris, [4] is a species of flowering plant in the iris family, Iridaceae, native to the Juan Fernández Islands, central and southern Chile, and southern Argentina. [1]
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