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Nutritional genomics, also known as nutrigenomics, is a science studying the relationship between human genome, human nutrition and health. People in the field work toward developing an understanding of how the whole body responds to a food via systems biology, as well as single gene/single food compound relationships.
Nutriepigenomics is the study of food nutrients and their effects on human health through epigenetic modifications. There is now considerable evidence that nutritional imbalances during gestation and lactation are linked to non-communicable diseases, such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, and cancer.
The PPARGC1A gene regulates genes involved in energy metabolism. [1] [2] Since type 2 diabetes is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia as a result of impaired pancreatic beta cell function [3] and insulin resistance in peripheral tissues, [4] it was thought that the gene might be downregulated in type 2 diabetes patients through DNA methylation.
Cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) testing – a non-invasive (for the fetus) test. It is performed on a sample of venous blood from the mother, and can provide information about the fetus early in pregnancy. [12] As of 2015 it is the most sensitive and specific screening test for Down syndrome. [13]
A catalogue of the many uses of these techniques can be found in the section: genetic testing. Most elective genetic and genomic testing employs either a DNA microarray or next-generation sequencing. Historically, all laboratory tests were initiated and ordered by a physician or mandated by a state. Increasingly, patients and families have ...
Testing DNA is a technique which can detect specific genomes in a DNA strand to produce a unique and individualized pattern. DNA sequencing may be used along with DNA profiling methods for forensic identification and paternity testing , as it has evolved significantly over the past few decades to ultimately link a DNA print to what is under ...
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Gestational diabetes is a condition in which a woman without diabetes develops high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. [ 4 ] Type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes are associated with changes in levels of metabolic markers, these markers could serve as potential prognostic or therapeutic targets for patients with prediabetes or Type 2 ...