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Minimal change disease (MCD), also known as lipoid nephrosis or nil disease, among others, is a disease affecting the kidneys which causes nephrotic syndrome. [1] Nephrotic syndrome leads to the loss of significant amounts of protein to the urine (proteinuria), which causes the widespread edema (soft tissue swelling) and impaired kidney function commonly experienced by those affected by the ...
Minimal change disease is characterised as a cause of nephrotic syndrome without visible changes in the glomerulus on microscopy. Minimal change disease typically presents with edema , an increase in proteins passed from urine and decrease in blood protein levels, and an increase in circulating lipids (i.e., nephrotic syndrome ) and is the most ...
The most common histopathology observation (microscopic examination of a kidney biopsy) is minimal change disease, though focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (kidney scaring) is increasingly seen. [1] Management of the syndrome typically involves corticosteroids as first-line therapy, with more than 80% of children initially responding. [3]
A schematic of the changes seen under the electron microscope of minimal change disease. Date: 21 February 2010, 18:00 (UTC) Source: Renal_corpuscle.svg; Author: Renal_corpuscle.svg: M•Komorniczak-talk-(polish Wikipedist) derivative work: Huckfinne (talk)
Minimal-change disease, sometimes called nil disease, affects the millions of the kidney’s glomeruli, which are the specific parts of the kidney where small molecules are first filtered out of blood and into the urine. Specifically, it’s a type of nephrotic syndrome, in fact, the most common nephrotic syndrome seen in children.
Similar to other causes of nephrotic syndrome (e.g., focal segmental glomerulosclerosis or minimal change disease), membranous nephropathy is known to predispose affected individuals to develop blood clots such as pulmonary emboli. Membranous nephropathy in particular is known to increase this risk more than other causes of nephrotic syndrome ...
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Type II is today more commonly known as dense deposit disease (DDD). [5] Most cases of dense deposit disease do not show a membranoproliferative pattern. [ 6 ] It forms a continuum with C3 glomerulonephritis ; together they make up the two major subgroups of C3 glomerulopathy .