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A nasopharyngoscopy is a surgical procedure performed to examine the nose and throat. It is performed using a fiberoptic [ 1 ] instrument called a flexible fiberoptic nasopharyngoscope, [ 2 ] that is inserted through the nose in order to examine both it, and the back of the throat. [ 3 ]
Nasopharyngoscopy provides a view of the velum (soft palate) and pharyngeal walls (walls of the throat) during nasal breathing and during speech. The advantage of this technique over videofluoroscopy is that the examiner can see the size, location, and cause of the velopharyngeal opening very clearly and without harm (e.g., radiation) to the ...
Anatomical parts seen during laryngoscopy. Direct laryngoscopy is carried out (usually) with the patient lying on their back; the laryngoscope is inserted into the mouth on the right side and flipped to the left to trap and move the tongue out of the line of sight, and, depending on the type of blade used, inserted either anterior or posterior to the epiglottis and then lifted with an upwards ...
The respiratory disturbance index (RDI)—or respiratory distress Index—is a formula used in reporting polysomnography (sleep study) findings. Like the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), it reports on respiratory distress events during sleep, but unlike the AHI, it also includes respiratory-effort related arousals (RERAs). [1]
Currently, a thorough clinical examination combined with nasoendoscopy (NE), notably nasopharyngoscopy, is the gold standard for diagnosing adenoid hypertrophy. [21] Visual examination should be conducted primarily to determine whether adenoid facies are present.
Including: Light microscopy for anatomic pathology, e.g., transmission light microscopy and reflection light microscopy for cytology and histology; Surgical microscopy, e.g., images produced by an operating microscope used in:
The Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World; French: La Liberté éclairant le monde) is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in New York Harbor, within New York City.
Twenty to 27% of individuals with a laryngeal cleft also have a tracheoesophageal fistula and approximately 6% of individuals with a fistula also have a cleft. [4] Other congenital anomalies commonly associated with laryngeal cleft are gastro-oesophageal reflux, tracheobronchomalacia, congenital heart defect, dextrocardia and situs inversus. [5]