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It has been used in cognitive-behavioral treatments for anxiety disorders (e.g. exposure practices and hierarchy) and for research purposes. There is no hard and fast rule by which a patient can self assign a SUDS rating to his or her disturbance or distress, hence the name subjective. Some guidelines are:
Aaron T. Beck et al. (1988) combined three separate anxiety questionnaires, with 86 original items, to derive the BAI: the Anxiety Checklist, the Physician's Desk Reference Checklist, and the Situational Anxiety Checklist. [2] The BAI is used for measuring the severity of anxiety in adolescents and adults ages 17 and older.
The SIAS discriminates between social anxiety and general anxiety as it has low associations with trait anxiety (a level of stress associated with an individual personality) and general distress. [8] Beyond identifying those who experience social anxiety of some form, the scale can discriminate within the social anxiety class as well. [1]
The scale is composed of 24 items divided into 2 subscales, 13 concerning performance anxiety, and 11 pertaining to social situations. The 24 items are first rated on a Likert Scale from 0 to 3 on fear felt during the situations, and then the same items are rated regarding avoidance of the situation. [7]
The STAI tests two different types of anxiety, state and trait anxiety. [citation needed] State anxiety (S-anxiety) can be defined as fear, nervousness, discomfort, etc. and the arousal of the autonomic nervous system induced by different situations that are perceived as dangerous. This type of anxiety refers more to how a person is feeling at ...
DASS, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales, [1] is made up of 42 self-report items to be completed over five to ten minutes, each reflecting a negative emotional symptom. [2] Each of these is rated on a four-point Likert scale of frequency or severity of the participants' experiences over the last week to emphasize states over traits.
The Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) was designed by William W. K. Zung M.D. (1929–1992) a professor of psychiatry from Duke University, to quantify a patient's level of anxiety. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The SAS is a 20-item self-report assessment device built to measure anxiety levels, based on scoring in 4 groups of manifestations: cognitive ...
All of these scores are used to compute an overarching score that indicates a person's anxiety severity. [4] The Hamilton Anxiety Rating scale has been considered a valuable scale for many years, but the ever-changing definition of anxiety, new technology, and new research has had an effect on the scale's perceived usefulness. [5]