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The Parthian, or Arsacid, monarchs were the rulers of Iran from their victories against the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire in the 140s BC (although they had ruled a smaller kingdom in the region of Parthia for roughly a century at that point, founded by Arsaces I) until the defeat of the last Parthian king, Artabanus IV, at the Battle of Hormozdgan in AD 224.
The Parthians – fierce, nomadic warriors from the north of Iran – then established the kingdom of Parthia, which covered present-day Turkmenistan and Iran. The Parthian kings ruled their domain from the city of Nisa – an area now located near the modern-day capital of Ashgabat – founded by Arsaces I (reigned c. 250–211 BC), and was ...
Vonones 12–16 (Former king of Parthia as Vonones I) Orodes 16–18 (Son of Artabanus III king of Parthia) Artaxias III 18–35 (From the house of Polemon) Arsaces I 35 (Son of Artabanus III king of Parthia) Orodes 35 (Again) Mithridates I 35–37 (Son of Mithridates (IV) king of Iberia) Orodes 37–42 (Again) Mithridates I 42–52 (Again)
The Parthian kings were polygamous and had several wives with the title "queen" (referred to with the Babylonian spelling šarratu or the Greek basilisse), as well as concubines. [283] It is known that kings often married their sisters, but it is unknown if they were the kings' full sisters or half sisters. [283]
Nisa (Ancient Greek: Νῖσος, Νίσα, Νίσαιον; [1] [2] Turkmen: Nusaý; also Parthaunisa) was an ancient settlement of the Parthians, located near the Bagyr neighborhood of Ashgabat, Turkmenistan, 18 km west of the city center.
Parthia was likely the first region conquered by Ardashir I after his victory over Artabanus IV, showing the importance of the province to the founder of the Sasanian dynasty. [1] Some of the Parthian nobility continued to resist Sasanian dominion for some time, but most switched their allegiance to the Sasanians very early.
Arsaces I (/ ˈ ɑːr s ə s iː z /; from Ancient Greek: Ἀρσάκης; in Parthian: 𐭀𐭓𐭔𐭊 Aršak) was the first king of Parthia, ruling from 247 BC to 217 BC, as well as the founder and eponym of the Arsacid dynasty of Parthia.
Margiana (Greek: Μαργιανή Margianḗ, Old Persian: Marguš, [1] Middle Persian: Marv [2]) is a historical region centred on the oasis of Merv and was a minor satrapy within the Achaemenid satrapy of Bactria, and a province within its successors, the Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian empires.