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Callixtus II declares a crusade in Spain. [220] [186] 1123. 18 March. The First Council of the Lateran rules that the crusades to the Holy Land and the Reconquista of Spain were of equal standing, granting equal privileges. [221] 1124. Not earlier than. Historia Roderici, an early history of El Cid, is written. [222] 1125. 2 September.
Spain and the United States signs the Pact of Madrid. 1955 Spain joins the United Nations. 1959: Spanish miracle: A period of economic growth began. 1973: Spanish miracle: The period ended. 1975: History of Spain (1975–present) 6 November: The Green March forced Spain to hand over its last remaining colonial possession, Spanish Sahara, to ...
Despite the victory of Mexico over the last Spanish bastion in Ulúa, Spain refused to recognize the Treaty of Córdoba and hence the independence of Mexico. The Mexican government, led by Guadalupe Victoria , came to the conclusion that Spain, by its refusal to recognize the treaties, still posed a threat, and could use Cuba as a platform to ...
Detail of the Cantiga #63 (13th century), which deals with a late 10th-century battle in San Esteban de Gormaz involving the troops of Count García and Almanzor. [1]The Reconquista (Spanish and Portuguese for ' reconquest ') [a] or the reconquest of al-Andalus [b] was a series of military and cultural campaigns that European Christian kingdoms waged against the Muslim kingdoms following the ...
Japan recognised the Francoist government of Spain in exchange for German, Spanish, and Italian recognition of Manchukuo. [15] Spain declared a rupture in relations on 12 April 1945, [16] which were reestablished in 1952. [12] Kampuchea: 5 May 1977: Relations with Kampuchea were only established after the death of Francisco Franco. [11] Manchukuo
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Al-Mansur withdrew from Spain and focused on consolidating its authority in Persia. Abd al-Rahman I (grandson of Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik ) became an independent emir of Córdoba and reached the first unification of Al-Andalus ( Toledo , Zaragoza , Pamplona , Barcelona ), including parts of western Maghreb .
Numerous wars against Spanish rule in Spanish America took place during the early 19th century, from 1808 until 1829, directly related to the Napoleonic French invasion of Spain. The conflict started with short-lived governing juntas established in Chuquisaca and Quito opposing the composition of the Supreme Central Junta of Seville .