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Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT or CRT-P) is the insertion of electrodes in the left and right ventricles of the heart, as well as on occasion the right atrium, to treat heart failure by coordinating the function of the left and right ventricles via a pacemaker, a small device inserted into the anterior chest wall.
In patients with other pacing modes, other than ventricular pacing, symptoms usually resolve after adjusting and reprogramming of pacemaker parameters, such as tuning the AV delay, changing the postventricular atrial refractory period, the sensing level, and pacing threshold voltage. The optimal values of these parameters for each individual ...
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is used for people with heart failure in whom the left and right ventricles do not contract simultaneously (ventricular dyssynchrony), which occurs in approximately 25–50% of heart failure patients. To achieve CRT, a biventricular pacemaker (BVP) is used, which can pace both the septal and lateral walls ...
Crosstalk can only occur in a dual chamber or biventricular pacemaker. It happens less often in more recent models of dual chamber pacemakers due to the addition of a ventricular blanking period, which coincides with the atrial stimulus. This helps to prevent ventricular channel oversensing of atrial output.
Wandering atrial pacemaker may be seen in young, healthy individuals as well as in the elderly and those with lung disease. [2] The cause of wandering atrial pacemaker is unclear. Increased tone from the vagus nerve may factor into the rhythm appearing in young, healthy individuals who exercise. The vagus nerve is a part of the parasympathetic ...
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) may be necessary. [9] If other measures are not effective a heart transplant may be an option in some. [9] About 1 per 2,500 people is affected. [9] It occurs more frequently in men than women. [10] Onset is most often in middle age. [5] Five-year survival rate is about 50%. [9]
Pacing is an activity management technique for managing a long-term health condition or disability, aiming to maximize what a person can do while reducing, or at least controlling, any symptoms that restrict activity.
Since pacemaker correction of the third-degree block requires full-time pacing of the ventricles, a potential side effect is pacemaker syndrome, and may necessitate the use of a biventricular pacemaker, which has an additional 3rd lead placed in a vein in the left ventricle, providing more coordinated pacing of both ventricles. [citation needed]