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Animation is a filmmaking technique whereby still images are manipulated to create moving images. In traditional animation, images are drawn or painted by hand on transparent celluloid sheets to be photographed and exhibited on film. Animation has been recognized as an artistic medium, specifically within the entertainment industry.
The sparser type of animation which originally had been an artistic choice of style for UPA was embraced as a means to cut back production time and costs. Full-frame animation ("on ones") became rare in the United States, outside its use for a decreasing amount of theatrical productions.
The early history of animation covers the period up to 1888, when celluloid film base was developed, a technology that would become the foundation for over a century of film. Humans have probably attempted to depict motion long before the development of cinematography .
Other definitions are based on origin, making production in Japan a requisite for a work to be considered "anime". [13] The etymology of the term anime is disputed. The English word "animation" is written in Japanese katakana as アニメーション (animēshon) and as アニメ (anime, pronounced ⓘ) in its shortened form. [13]
The Anime Encyclopedia: A Guide to Japanese Animation Since 1917 (1st ed.). Stone Bridge Press. ISBN 1-880656-64-7. Clements, Jonathan and Barry Ip (2012) "The Shadow Staff: Japanese Animators in the Toho Aviation Education Materials Production Office 1939–1945" in Animation: An Interdisciplinary Journal 7(2) 189–204. Drazen, Patrick (2003).
On a break from finalizing the franchise's third entry in his edit bay in Santa Monica, Calif., in late October, Fowler reflects on the massive success of these family-friendly animated movies.
Rotoscoping is an animation technique that animators use to trace over motion picture footage, frame by frame, to produce realistic action. Originally, live-action film images were projected onto a glass panel and traced onto paper.
John Whitney Sr. (1917–1995) was an American animator, composer and inventor, widely considered to be one of the fathers of computer animation. [1] In the 1940s and 1950s, he and his brother James created a series of experimental films made with a custom-built device based on old anti-aircraft analog computers (Kerrison Predictors) connected by servomechanisms to control the motion of lights ...