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A specialized AP stress view of the ankle is performed when there is concern for an unstable ankle injury. There are two types of stress views: gravity and mechanical. [11] In the gravity stress view, the patient lies in the lateral decubitus position with the ankle dangling over the edge of the table to mimic the mechanical stress view.
Stress fractures most frequently occur in weight-bearing bones of the lower extremities, such as the tibia and fibula (bones of the lower leg), calcaneus (heel bone), metatarsal and navicular bones (bones of the foot). Less common are stress fractures to the femur, pelvis, sacrum, lumbar spine (lower back), hips, hands, and writs. Stress ...
Runner's fracture: Running: stress fracture of distal fibula 3–8 cm above the lateral malleolus: repeated axial stress on fibula: Google books result Marko Pećina, Ivan Bojanić. Overuse injuries of the Musculoskeletal System, page 331. Informa Health Care, 2004. ISBN 978-0-8493-1428-5. Salter–Harris fracture: R.B. Salter, W.R. Harris [5]
This stage appears on MRI as an isolated bone marrow edema pattern without a fracture line and is called stress reaction. Then, periosteal new bone forms and may be visible on radiography. Full cortical fractures occur if the repetitive stress continues. Only timely detection and appropriate management can interrupt this sequence. [1]
The Maisonneuve fracture is a spiral fracture of the proximal third of the fibula associated with a tear of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis and the interosseous membrane. There is an associated fracture of the medial malleolus or rupture of the deep deltoid ligament of the ankle .
March fracture is the fracture of the distal third of one of the metatarsal bones occurring because of recurrent stress. It is more common in soldiers, but also occurs in hikers, organists, and other people whose duties entail much standing (such as hospital doctors).
Other potential causes include stress fractures, compartment syndrome, nerve entrapment, and popliteal artery entrapment syndrome. [18] If the cause is unclear, medical imaging such as a bone scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be performed. [3] Bone scans and MRI can differentiate between stress fractures and shin splints. [12]
X-ray showing the proximal portion of a fractured tibia with an intramedullary nail The surgical treatment of mandibular angle fracture; fixation of the bone fragments by the plates, the principles of osteosynthesis are stability (immobility of the fragments that creates the conditions for bones coalescence) and functionality Proximal femur ...