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French–Vietnamese relations started during the early 17th century with the arrival of the Jesuit missionary Alexandre de Rhodes.Around this time, Vietnam had only just begun its "Southward"—"Nam Tiến", the occupation of the Mekong Delta, a territory being part of the Khmer Empire and to a lesser extent, the kingdom of Champa which they had defeated in 1471.
The French conquest of Vietnam 1 (1858–1885) was a series of military expeditions that pitted the Second French Empire, later the French Third Republic, against the Vietnamese empire of Đại Nam in the mid-late 19th century.
Dragon Ascending: Vietnam and the Vietnamese. Arcade Publishing (1996). ISBN 978-1-55970-306-2. Les Missions Etrangères. Trois siecles et demi d'histoire et d'aventure en Asie Editions Perrin (2008). ISBN 978-2-262-02571-7. McLeod, Mark W. The Vietnamese Response to French Intervention, 1862–1874. Greenwood Publishing Group (1991).
[203] [11] [204] [205] The establishment of pro-French Vietnamese state made this French colonial war in Indochina contain elements of Cold War ideological conflict; the French fought against the Viet Minh having Chinese help, they sought to retake their new-style colony (Indochina) in the name of anti-communism and helping native states with ...
From the 16th to the 17th centuries, the First French colonial empire existed mainly in the Americas and Asia. During the 19th and 20th centuries, the second French colonial empire existed mainly in Africa and Asia. France had about 80 colonies throughout its history, the second most colonies in the world behind only the British Empire. [1]
At the meetings, Ho Chi Minh pushed for Vietnamese independence but the French would not agree to this proposal. [ 1 ] When the Vietnamese government wrote a draft constitution without reference to the French, the latter attempted to regain control of French Indochina , contributing to the outbreak of the Indochina War .
Map showing the territorial evolution of French Indochina; the region in the south marked "1862–67" was ceded in the Treaty of Saigon (1862).. The Treaty of Saigon (French: Traité de Saïgon, Vietnamese: Hòa ước Nhâm Tuất, referring to the year of "Yang Water Dog" in the sexagenary cycle) was signed on 5 June 1862 between representatives of the colonial powers, France and Spain, and ...
The French government maintained this ethnic policy until the outbreak of First Indochina War, with the rise of Việt Minh a anti-colonial group that ran their own armed forces. Việt Minh, who supported the idea of a unified state, directly embraced Vietnamization and polemicized minorities who were named disloyal to the nation.