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The origin of the geodatabase was in the mid-1990s during the emergence of the first spatial databases.One early approach to integrating relational databases and GIS was the use of server middleware, a third-party program that stores the spatial data in database tables in a custom format, and translates it dynamically into a logical model that can be understood by the client software.
ArcGIS 8.1 also added the ability to access data online, directly from the Geography Network site or other ArcIMS map services. [42] ArcGIS 8.3 was introduced in 2002, adding topology to geodatabases, which was a feature originally available only with ArcInfo coverages.
Starting with the 9.3 release, Esri added support for the open-source PostgreSQL database. ArcSDE serves data for the advanced ArcGIS Desktop products (ArcView, ArcEditor and ArcInfo); the ArcGIS development products (ArcGIS Engine and ArcGIS Server), ArcView 3.x as well as ArcIMS. It is a key component in managing a multi-user Esri-based GIS.
ArcView 8.x and 9.x are part of the ArcGIS Desktop software suite. ArcView is the entry level of licensing offered; it is able to view and edit GIS data held in a flat file database or through ArcSDE, ST-Links PgMap view data held in a relational database management system.
As of October 2024, the company's desktop GIS suite is ArcGIS Pro 3.3.2, with the older ArcGIS Desktop (or ArcMap) version 10.8.2 in mature support (to be fully retired in March of 2026). The older ArcGIS Desktop consisted of several integrated applications, including ArcMap , ArcCatalog , ArcToolbox, ArcScene, and ArcGlobe.
Narcissus: JavaScript implemented in JavaScript (a meta-circular evaluator), intended to run in another JavaScript engine, of theoretical and educational nature only. JS-Interpreter A lightweight JavaScript interpreter implemented in JavaScript with step-by-step execution. QtScript: Originally developed by Trolltech, now owned by The Qt Company ...
1 June 1997 First edition based on JavaScript 1.1 as implemented in Netscape Navigator 3.0. [1] Guy L. Steele Jr. 2 June 1998 Editorial changes to keep the specification fully aligned with ISO/IEC 16262:1998. Mike Cowlishaw: 3 December 1999 Based on JavaScript 1.2 as implemented in Netscape Navigator 4.0. [2]
The binary format is widely used within Esri programs, such as ArcGIS, while the ASCII format is used as an exchange, or export format, due to the simple and portable ASCII file structure. The grid defines geographic space as an array of equally sized square grid points arranged in rows and columns.