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Cantiga de amigo (Portuguese: [kɐ̃ˈtiɣɐ ð(j) ɐˈmiɣu], Galician: [kanˈtiɣɐ ðɪ aˈmiɣʊ]) or cantiga d'amigo (Galician-Portuguese spelling), literally "friend song", is a genre of medieval lyric poetry, more specifically the Galician-Portuguese lyric, apparently rooted in a female-voiced song tradition native to the northwest quadrant of the Iberian Peninsula.
A cantiga (cantica, cantar) is a medieval monophonic song, characteristic of the Galician-Portuguese lyric. Over 400 extant cantigas come from the Cantigas de Santa Maria , narrative songs about miracles or hymns in praise of the Holy Virgin.
Cantigas de Amigo (Pierpont Morgan Library, New York, Vindel MS M979). Martin Codax or Codaz, Martín Codax (Galician: [maɾˈtiŋ koˈðaʃ]) or Martim Codax was a Galician medieval joglar (non-noble composer and performer, as opposed to a trobador), possibly from Vigo, Galicia in present-day Spain.
Symphonia de Cantiga from the Cantigas de Santa Maria A song of Martim Codax from the Pergaminho Vindel. In the Middle Ages, the Galician-Portuguese lyric, also known as trovadorismo in Portugal and trobadorismo in Galicia, was a lyric poetic school or movement.
Illumination with buisine players from the E Codex (Bl-2, fol. 286R). The Cantigas de Santa Maria (Galician: [kanˈtiɣɐz ðɪ ˈsantɐ maˈɾi.ɐ], Portuguese: [kɐ̃ˈtiɣɐʒ ðɨ ˈsɐ̃tɐ mɐˈɾi.ɐ]; "Canticles of Holy Mary") are 420 poems with musical notation, written in the medieval Galician-Portuguese language during the reign of Alfonso X of Castile El Sabio (1221–1284).
His works were transcribed in the hypothetical "Livro das Cantigas", now lost but probably transcribed in the 16th century manuscripts called Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional and Cancioneiro da Vaticana. They are mostly cantigas de amigo, ten in all, and only one cantiga de amor. The musical notation of his cantigas has not survived. [2] [3]
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The name kyrielle derives from the Kýrie, which is part of many Christian liturgies. [2] A traditional kyrielle is written in octosyllabic rhyming couplets, which are typically paired in quatrains. [3]