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The history of Arizona encompasses the Paleo-Indian, Archaic, Post-Archaic, Spanish, Mexican, and American periods. About 10,000 to 12,000 years ago, Paleo-Indians settled in what is now Arizona. About 10,000 to 12,000 years ago, Paleo-Indians settled in what is now Arizona.
In the 18th century, many native tribes were attacking Spanish settlements in Arizona. To counter this, the Spanish Army built several presidios in northern New Spain.In 1751, the native Pima people revolted against the Spanish in the Pima Revolt, and over 100 settlers were killed and most of the remaining settlers fled in fear, leaving several missions abandoned. [3]
State of Deseret (extralegal), 1849–1850; Territory of New Mexico, 1850–1912 Gadsden Purchase of 1853; American Civil War, 1861–1865 Arizona Territory (CSA), 1861–1865; Territory of Arizona, 1863–1912 [1] North-western corner of the Arizona Territory is transferred to the State of Nevada, 1867; State of Arizona since February 14, 1912
Settlers from all three nations encountered resistance from native Arizona communities, particularly the Apache. [3] During 19th and 20th century American rule, Arizona Natives faced forced cultural assimilation under the boarding school system, environmental degradation on reservation lands, and, in some cases, ethnic cleansing .
Germany – German Empire (to November 29, 1850) Goust – Republic of Goust; State of Buenos Aires (from September 11, 1852) Taiping Heavenly Kingdom - Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace (from January 11, 1851) Tavolara – Kingdom of Tavolara
Later there was an eighty-man strong, Pima Company with Spanish officers organized in 1782. In 1787 it occupied the old presidio at Tubac serving there for more than half a century. Originally recruited from Pimas on the upper Santa Cruz, its rolls included other native people, perhaps some warriors from the Pima Villages may have enlisted.
1768 – Arizona becomes part of the Provincia de las Californias, under Spanish rule. 1775 – Southern Arizona explored by Juan Bautista de Anza while leading an expedition from Mexico to San Francisco. [19] [25] 1776 – Presidio San Augustin del Tucson (military outpost) established, when the presidio of Tubac was relocated. [23] [27]
Spanish missions in the Sonoran Desert. The Pimería Alta (translated to 'Upper Pima Land'/'Land of the Upper Pima' in English) was an area of the 18th century Sonora y Sinaloa Province in the Viceroyalty of New Spain, that encompassed parts of what are today southern Arizona in the United States and northern Sonora in Mexico.